The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017

Abstract A description and assessment of the first release of the Arctic Subpolar gyre sTate Estimate (ASTE_R1), a data‐constrained ocean‐sea ice model‐data synthesis, is presented. ASTE_R1 has a nominal resolution of 1/3° and spans the period 2002–2017. The fit of the model to an extensive (O(109))...

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Autores principales:	An T. Nguyen, Helen Pillar, Victor Ocaña, Arash Bigdeli, Timothy A. Smith, Patrick Heimbach
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2021
Materias:	Arctic Mediterranean data assimilation heat and freshwater exchange ocean‐sea ice state estimate subpolar north Atlantic Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf315ab640e04d349320c72cda7f5931
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf315ab640e04d349320c72cda7f59312021-11-24T08:11:41ZThe Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–20171942-246610.1029/2020MS002398https://doaj.org/article/cf315ab640e04d349320c72cda7f59312021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002398https://doaj.org/toc/1942-2466Abstract A description and assessment of the first release of the Arctic Subpolar gyre sTate Estimate (ASTE_R1), a data‐constrained ocean‐sea ice model‐data synthesis, is presented. ASTE_R1 has a nominal resolution of 1/3° and spans the period 2002–2017. The fit of the model to an extensive (O(109)) set of satellite and in situ observations was achieved through adjoint‐based nonlinear least squares optimization. The improvement of the solution compared to an unconstrained simulation is reflected in misfit reductions of 77% for Argo, 50% for satellite sea surface height, 58% for the Fram Strait mooring, 65% for Ice Tethered Profilers, and 83% for sea ice extent. Exact dynamical and kinematic consistency is a key advantage of ASTE_R1, distinguishing the state estimate from existing ocean reanalyses. Through strict adherence to conservation laws, all sources and sinks within ASTE_R1 can be accounted for, permitting meaningful analysis of closed budgets at the grid‐scale, such as contributions of horizontal and vertical convergence to the tendencies of heat and salt. ASTE_R1 thus serves as the biggest effort undertaken to date of producing a specialized Arctic ocean‐ice estimate over the 21st century. Transports of volume, heat, and freshwater are consistent with published observation‐based estimates across important Arctic Mediterranean gateways. Interannual variability and low frequency trends of freshwater and heat content are well represented in the Barents Sea, western Arctic halocline, and east subpolar North Atlantic. Systematic biases remain in ASTE_R1, including a warm bias in the Atlantic Water layer in the Arctic and deficient freshwater inputs from rivers and Greenland discharge.An T. NguyenHelen PillarVictor OcañaArash BigdeliTimothy A. SmithPatrick HeimbachAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)articleArctic Mediterraneandata assimilationheat and freshwater exchangeocean‐sea icestate estimatesubpolar north AtlanticPhysical geographyGB3-5030OceanographyGC1-1581ENJournal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 13, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic Mediterranean data assimilation heat and freshwater exchange ocean‐sea ice state estimate subpolar north Atlantic Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
spellingShingle	Arctic Mediterranean data assimilation heat and freshwater exchange ocean‐sea ice state estimate subpolar north Atlantic Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 An T. Nguyen Helen Pillar Victor Ocaña Arash Bigdeli Timothy A. Smith Patrick Heimbach The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017
description	Abstract A description and assessment of the first release of the Arctic Subpolar gyre sTate Estimate (ASTE_R1), a data‐constrained ocean‐sea ice model‐data synthesis, is presented. ASTE_R1 has a nominal resolution of 1/3° and spans the period 2002–2017. The fit of the model to an extensive (O(109)) set of satellite and in situ observations was achieved through adjoint‐based nonlinear least squares optimization. The improvement of the solution compared to an unconstrained simulation is reflected in misfit reductions of 77% for Argo, 50% for satellite sea surface height, 58% for the Fram Strait mooring, 65% for Ice Tethered Profilers, and 83% for sea ice extent. Exact dynamical and kinematic consistency is a key advantage of ASTE_R1, distinguishing the state estimate from existing ocean reanalyses. Through strict adherence to conservation laws, all sources and sinks within ASTE_R1 can be accounted for, permitting meaningful analysis of closed budgets at the grid‐scale, such as contributions of horizontal and vertical convergence to the tendencies of heat and salt. ASTE_R1 thus serves as the biggest effort undertaken to date of producing a specialized Arctic ocean‐ice estimate over the 21st century. Transports of volume, heat, and freshwater are consistent with published observation‐based estimates across important Arctic Mediterranean gateways. Interannual variability and low frequency trends of freshwater and heat content are well represented in the Barents Sea, western Arctic halocline, and east subpolar North Atlantic. Systematic biases remain in ASTE_R1, including a warm bias in the Atlantic Water layer in the Arctic and deficient freshwater inputs from rivers and Greenland discharge.
format	article
author	An T. Nguyen Helen Pillar Victor Ocaña Arash Bigdeli Timothy A. Smith Patrick Heimbach
author_facet	An T. Nguyen Helen Pillar Victor Ocaña Arash Bigdeli Timothy A. Smith Patrick Heimbach
author_sort	An T. Nguyen
title	The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017
title_short	The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017
title_full	The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017
title_fullStr	The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017
title_full_unstemmed	The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017
title_sort	arctic subpolar gyre state estimate: description and assessment of a data‐constrained, dynamically consistent ocean‐sea ice estimate for 2002–2017
publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf315ab640e04d349320c72cda7f5931
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The Arctic Subpolar Gyre sTate Estimate: Description and Assessment of a Data‐Constrained, Dynamically Consistent Ocean‐Sea Ice Estimate for 2002–2017

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