Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

Abstract The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and...

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Autores principales:	Waqas Ahmad, Javed Iqbal, Muhammad Jamal Nasir, Burhan Ahmad, Muhammad Tasleem Khan, Shahid Nawaz Khan, Syed Adnan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf4b5e25b88b4345970f1f374cb8682f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf4b5e25b88b4345970f1f374cb8682f2021-12-02T17:08:24ZImpact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan10.1038/s41598-021-96075-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cf4b5e25b88b4345970f1f374cb8682f2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96075-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, electric conductivity (EC), turbidity, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48–62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.Waqas AhmadJaved IqbalMuhammad Jamal NasirBurhan AhmadMuhammad Tasleem KhanShahid Nawaz KhanSyed AdnanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Waqas Ahmad Javed Iqbal Muhammad Jamal Nasir Burhan Ahmad Muhammad Tasleem Khan Shahid Nawaz Khan Syed Adnan Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan
description	Abstract The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, electric conductivity (EC), turbidity, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48–62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.
format	article
author	Waqas Ahmad Javed Iqbal Muhammad Jamal Nasir Burhan Ahmad Muhammad Tasleem Khan Shahid Nawaz Khan Syed Adnan
author_facet	Waqas Ahmad Javed Iqbal Muhammad Jamal Nasir Burhan Ahmad Muhammad Tasleem Khan Shahid Nawaz Khan Syed Adnan
author_sort	Waqas Ahmad
title	Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan
title_short	Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan
title_full	Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan
title_fullStr	Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan
title_sort	impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district peshawar pakistan
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf4b5e25b88b4345970f1f374cb8682f
work_keys_str_mv	AT waqasahmad impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan AT javediqbal impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan AT muhammadjamalnasir impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan AT burhanahmad impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan AT muhammadtasleemkhan impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan AT shahidnawazkhan impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan AT syedadnan impactoflanduselandcoverchangesonwaterqualityandhumanhealthindistrictpeshawarpakistan
_version_	1718381585426808832

Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

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