A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi

Abstract Plant kinases containing the LysM domain play important roles in pathogen recognition and self-defense reactions. And it could recognize microbe-associated molecules including chitin and other polypeptides. The white tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi is a migratory parasitic nematode that...

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Autores principales:	Hong-Le Wang, Chun-Ling Xu, Chun Chen, Shan-Wen Ding, Jun-Yi Li, Si-Hua Yang, Hui Xie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf519a550ce74d298c2396c82b68f703
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf519a550ce74d298c2396c82b68f7032021-12-02T15:15:58ZA novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi10.1038/s41598-021-97981-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cf519a550ce74d298c2396c82b68f7032021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97981-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Plant kinases containing the LysM domain play important roles in pathogen recognition and self-defense reactions. And it could recognize microbe-associated molecules including chitin and other polypeptides. The white tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi is a migratory parasitic nematode that infects plant shoots. It is distributed over almost all rice-producing areas and causes up to 50% economic losses. The rice OsRLK3 gene was a defense-related LysM kinase gene of rice. This study showed that the rice LysM kinase OsRLK3 could be induced by flg22, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and chitin. An interaction gene, Ab-atps from A. besseyi, was identified by screening the interaction between the rice gene OsRLK3 and an A. besseyi cDNA library using yeast two-hybrid screening. Ab-atps is a novel ATP synthase gene with a full length of 1341 bp, coding for 183 amino acids. The mRNA of Ab-atps was located in the esophagus and reproductive system of A. besseyi. The expression of Ab-atps was assessed at different developmental stages of the nematode and found to be the highest in the juvenile, followed by the egg, female, and male. Reproduction was significantly decreased in nematodes treated with Ab-atps double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) (p < 0.05). Transient expression experiments showed that Ab-ATPS-GFP was distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane, and Ab-ATPS-GFP triggered plant cell death. OsRLK3 was expressed significantly higher at 0.5 day and 1 day (p < 0.05) in rice plants inoculated with nematodes treated with Ab-atps dsRNA and gfp dsRNA for 0.5–7 days, respectively. Further, OsRLK3 expression under Ab-atps dsRNA treatment was significantly lower than with gfp dsRNA treatment at 0.5 day (p < 0.05) and significantly higher than with gfp dsRNA treatment at 1 day (p < 0.05). These results suggest that rice OsRLK3 could interact with A. besseyi Ab-atps, which plays an important role in growth, reproduction, and infection of the nematode. Our findings provide a theoretical basis to further understand the parasitic strategy of A. besseyi and its interaction mechanism with host plants, suggesting new ideas and targets for controlling A. besseyi.Hong-Le WangChun-Ling XuChun ChenShan-Wen DingJun-Yi LiSi-Hua YangHui XieNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hong-Le Wang Chun-Ling Xu Chun Chen Shan-Wen Ding Jun-Yi Li Si-Hua Yang Hui Xie A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi
description	Abstract Plant kinases containing the LysM domain play important roles in pathogen recognition and self-defense reactions. And it could recognize microbe-associated molecules including chitin and other polypeptides. The white tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi is a migratory parasitic nematode that infects plant shoots. It is distributed over almost all rice-producing areas and causes up to 50% economic losses. The rice OsRLK3 gene was a defense-related LysM kinase gene of rice. This study showed that the rice LysM kinase OsRLK3 could be induced by flg22, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and chitin. An interaction gene, Ab-atps from A. besseyi, was identified by screening the interaction between the rice gene OsRLK3 and an A. besseyi cDNA library using yeast two-hybrid screening. Ab-atps is a novel ATP synthase gene with a full length of 1341 bp, coding for 183 amino acids. The mRNA of Ab-atps was located in the esophagus and reproductive system of A. besseyi. The expression of Ab-atps was assessed at different developmental stages of the nematode and found to be the highest in the juvenile, followed by the egg, female, and male. Reproduction was significantly decreased in nematodes treated with Ab-atps double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) (p < 0.05). Transient expression experiments showed that Ab-ATPS-GFP was distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane, and Ab-ATPS-GFP triggered plant cell death. OsRLK3 was expressed significantly higher at 0.5 day and 1 day (p < 0.05) in rice plants inoculated with nematodes treated with Ab-atps dsRNA and gfp dsRNA for 0.5–7 days, respectively. Further, OsRLK3 expression under Ab-atps dsRNA treatment was significantly lower than with gfp dsRNA treatment at 0.5 day (p < 0.05) and significantly higher than with gfp dsRNA treatment at 1 day (p < 0.05). These results suggest that rice OsRLK3 could interact with A. besseyi Ab-atps, which plays an important role in growth, reproduction, and infection of the nematode. Our findings provide a theoretical basis to further understand the parasitic strategy of A. besseyi and its interaction mechanism with host plants, suggesting new ideas and targets for controlling A. besseyi.
format	article
author	Hong-Le Wang Chun-Ling Xu Chun Chen Shan-Wen Ding Jun-Yi Li Si-Hua Yang Hui Xie
author_facet	Hong-Le Wang Chun-Ling Xu Chun Chen Shan-Wen Ding Jun-Yi Li Si-Hua Yang Hui Xie
author_sort	Hong-Le Wang
title	A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi
title_short	A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi
title_full	A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi
title_fullStr	A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi
title_full_unstemmed	A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi
title_sort	novel atpase gene, ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, aphelenchoides besseyi
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf519a550ce74d298c2396c82b68f703
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A novel ATPase gene, Ab-atps, plays an important role in the interaction of rice and white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi

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