A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose

Although there are chemotherapeutic efforts in place for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is a need for novel strategies (including natural products) to manage T2DM. Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide was extracted from <i>Ecklonia radiata</i>. The integrity of the fucoidan was c...

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Autores principales:	Blessing Mabate, Chantal Désirée Daub, Samkelo Malgas, Adrienne Lesley Edkins, Brett Ivan Pletschke
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	acarbose combination approach <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> fucoidan type 2 diabetes management Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf77409189e5486ea501c80f2622f5dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf77409189e5486ea501c80f2622f5dc2021-11-25T18:42:44ZA Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose10.3390/pharmaceutics131119791999-4923https://doaj.org/article/cf77409189e5486ea501c80f2622f5dc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1979https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Although there are chemotherapeutic efforts in place for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is a need for novel strategies (including natural products) to manage T2DM. Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide was extracted from <i>Ecklonia radiata</i>. The integrity of the fucoidan was confirmed by structural analysis techniques such as FT-IR, NMR and TGA. In addition, the fucoidan was chemically characterised and tested for cell toxicity. The fucoidan was investigated with regards to its potential to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The fucoidan was not cytotoxic and inhibited α-glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub> 19 µg/mL) more strongly than the standard commercial drug acarbose (IC<sub>50</sub> 332 µg/mL). However, the fucoidan lacked potency against α-amylase. On the other hand, acarbose was a more potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> of 109 µg/mL) than α-glucosidase. Due to side effects associated with the use of acarbose, a combination approach using acarbose and fucoidan was investigated. The combination showed synergistic inhibition (>70%) of α-glucosidase compared to when the drugs were used alone. The medicinal implication of this synergism is that a regimen with a reduced acarbose dose may be used, thus minimising side effects to the patient, while achieving the desired therapeutic effect for managing T2DM.Blessing MabateChantal Désirée DaubSamkelo MalgasAdrienne Lesley EdkinsBrett Ivan PletschkeMDPI AGarticleacarbosecombination approach<i>Ecklonia radiata</i>fucoidantype 2 diabetes managementPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceutics, Vol 13, Iss 1979, p 1979 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	acarbose combination approach <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> fucoidan type 2 diabetes management Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	acarbose combination approach <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> fucoidan type 2 diabetes management Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Blessing Mabate Chantal Désirée Daub Samkelo Malgas Adrienne Lesley Edkins Brett Ivan Pletschke A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose
description	Although there are chemotherapeutic efforts in place for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is a need for novel strategies (including natural products) to manage T2DM. Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide was extracted from <i>Ecklonia radiata</i>. The integrity of the fucoidan was confirmed by structural analysis techniques such as FT-IR, NMR and TGA. In addition, the fucoidan was chemically characterised and tested for cell toxicity. The fucoidan was investigated with regards to its potential to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The fucoidan was not cytotoxic and inhibited α-glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub> 19 µg/mL) more strongly than the standard commercial drug acarbose (IC<sub>50</sub> 332 µg/mL). However, the fucoidan lacked potency against α-amylase. On the other hand, acarbose was a more potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> of 109 µg/mL) than α-glucosidase. Due to side effects associated with the use of acarbose, a combination approach using acarbose and fucoidan was investigated. The combination showed synergistic inhibition (>70%) of α-glucosidase compared to when the drugs were used alone. The medicinal implication of this synergism is that a regimen with a reduced acarbose dose may be used, thus minimising side effects to the patient, while achieving the desired therapeutic effect for managing T2DM.
format	article
author	Blessing Mabate Chantal Désirée Daub Samkelo Malgas Adrienne Lesley Edkins Brett Ivan Pletschke
author_facet	Blessing Mabate Chantal Désirée Daub Samkelo Malgas Adrienne Lesley Edkins Brett Ivan Pletschke
author_sort	Blessing Mabate
title	A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose
title_short	A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose
title_full	A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose
title_fullStr	A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose
title_full_unstemmed	A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose
title_sort	combination approach in inhibiting type 2 diabetes-related enzymes using <i>ecklonia radiata</i> fucoidan and acarbose
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf77409189e5486ea501c80f2622f5dc
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A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using <i>Ecklonia radiata</i> Fucoidan and Acarbose

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