Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys

Abstract Blindsight is the residual visuo-motor ability without subjective awareness observed after lesions of the primary visual cortex (V1). Various visual functions are retained, however, instrumental visual associative learning remains to be investigated. Here we examined the secondary reinforci...

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Autores principales:	Rikako Kato, Abdelhafid Zeghbib, Peter Redgrave, Tadashi Isa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf9a9d5e8166499a84a764339bb33e0c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf9a9d5e8166499a84a764339bb33e0c2021-12-02T16:17:34ZVisual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys10.1038/s41598-021-94192-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cf9a9d5e8166499a84a764339bb33e0c2021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94192-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Blindsight is the residual visuo-motor ability without subjective awareness observed after lesions of the primary visual cortex (V1). Various visual functions are retained, however, instrumental visual associative learning remains to be investigated. Here we examined the secondary reinforcing properties of visual cues presented to the hemianopic field of macaque monkeys with unilateral V1 lesions. Our aim was to test the potential role of visual pathways bypassing V1 in reinforcing visual instrumental learning. When learning the location of a hidden area in an oculomotor search task, conditioned visual cues presented to the lesion-affected hemifield operated as an effective secondary reinforcer. We noted that not only the hidden area location, but also the vector of the saccade entering the target area was reinforced. Importantly, when the visual reinforcement signal was presented in the lesion-affected field, the monkeys continued searching, as opposed to stopping when the cue was presented in the intact field. This suggests the monkeys were less confident that the target location had been discovered when the reinforcement cue was presented in the affected field. These results indicate that the visual signals mediated by the residual visual pathways after V1 lesions can access fundamental reinforcement mechanisms but with impaired visual awareness.Rikako KatoAbdelhafid ZeghbibPeter RedgraveTadashi IsaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rikako Kato Abdelhafid Zeghbib Peter Redgrave Tadashi Isa Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
description	Abstract Blindsight is the residual visuo-motor ability without subjective awareness observed after lesions of the primary visual cortex (V1). Various visual functions are retained, however, instrumental visual associative learning remains to be investigated. Here we examined the secondary reinforcing properties of visual cues presented to the hemianopic field of macaque monkeys with unilateral V1 lesions. Our aim was to test the potential role of visual pathways bypassing V1 in reinforcing visual instrumental learning. When learning the location of a hidden area in an oculomotor search task, conditioned visual cues presented to the lesion-affected hemifield operated as an effective secondary reinforcer. We noted that not only the hidden area location, but also the vector of the saccade entering the target area was reinforced. Importantly, when the visual reinforcement signal was presented in the lesion-affected field, the monkeys continued searching, as opposed to stopping when the cue was presented in the intact field. This suggests the monkeys were less confident that the target location had been discovered when the reinforcement cue was presented in the affected field. These results indicate that the visual signals mediated by the residual visual pathways after V1 lesions can access fundamental reinforcement mechanisms but with impaired visual awareness.
format	article
author	Rikako Kato Abdelhafid Zeghbib Peter Redgrave Tadashi Isa
author_facet	Rikako Kato Abdelhafid Zeghbib Peter Redgrave Tadashi Isa
author_sort	Rikako Kato
title	Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
title_short	Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
title_full	Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
title_fullStr	Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
title_full_unstemmed	Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
title_sort	visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf9a9d5e8166499a84a764339bb33e0c
work_keys_str_mv	AT rikakokato visualinstrumentallearninginblindsightmonkeys AT abdelhafidzeghbib visualinstrumentallearninginblindsightmonkeys AT peterredgrave visualinstrumentallearninginblindsightmonkeys AT tadashiisa visualinstrumentallearninginblindsightmonkeys
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Visual instrumental learning in blindsight monkeys

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