Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.

<h4>Background</h4>During a dengue outbreak with co-circulation of DENV-1 and -2 in the city of Boa Vista, one patient was diagnosed with DENV-4, a serotype supposed absent from Brazil for almost 30 years. The re-emergence of DENV-4 triggered the intensification of mechanical and chemica...

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Autores principales:	Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas, Fernando Campos Avendanho, Rosangela Santos, Gabriel Sylvestre, Simone Costa Araújo, José Bento Pereira Lima, Ademir Jesus Martins, Giovanini Evelim Coelho, Denise Valle
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf9aef0b29b543cba335489c169a9c70
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf9aef0b29b543cba335489c169a9c702021-11-18T08:25:46ZUndesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0092424https://doaj.org/article/cf9aef0b29b543cba335489c169a9c702014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24676277/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>During a dengue outbreak with co-circulation of DENV-1 and -2 in the city of Boa Vista, one patient was diagnosed with DENV-4, a serotype supposed absent from Brazil for almost 30 years. The re-emergence of DENV-4 triggered the intensification of mechanical and chemical Aedes aegypti control activities in order to reduce vector density and avoid DENV-4 dissemination throughout the country.<h4>Methods/principal findings</h4>Vector control activities consisted of (a) source reduction, (b) application of diflubenzuron against larvae and (c) vehicle-mounted space spraying of 2% deltamethrin to eliminate adults. Control activity efficacy was monitored by comparing the infestation levels and the number of eggs collected in ovitraps before and after interventions, performed in 22 Boa Vista districts, covering an area of ∼ 80% of the city and encompassing 56,837 dwellings. A total of 94,325 containers were eliminated or treated with diflubenzuron. The most frequently positive containers were small miscellaneous receptacles, which corresponded to 59% of all positive breeding sites. Insecticide resistance to deltamethrin was assessed before, during and after interventions by dose-response bioassays adopting WHO-based protocols. The intense use of the pyrethroid increased fourfold the resistance ratio of the local Ae. aegypti population only six months after the beginning of vector control. Curiously, this trend was also observed in the districts in which no deltamethrin was applied by the public health services. On the other hand, changes in the resistance ratio to the organophosphate temephos seemed less influenced by insecticide in Boa Vista.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite the intense effort, mosquito infestation levels were only slightly reduced. Besides, the median number of eggs in ovitraps remained unaltered after control activity intensification. The great and rapid increase in pyrethroid resistance levels of natural Ae. aegypti populations is discussed in the context of both public and domestic intensification of chemical control due to a dengue outbreak.Rafael Maciel-de-FreitasFernando Campos AvendanhoRosangela SantosGabriel SylvestreSimone Costa AraújoJosé Bento Pereira LimaAdemir Jesus MartinsGiovanini Evelim CoelhoDenise VallePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e92424 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas Fernando Campos Avendanho Rosangela Santos Gabriel Sylvestre Simone Costa Araújo José Bento Pereira Lima Ademir Jesus Martins Giovanini Evelim Coelho Denise Valle Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
description	<h4>Background</h4>During a dengue outbreak with co-circulation of DENV-1 and -2 in the city of Boa Vista, one patient was diagnosed with DENV-4, a serotype supposed absent from Brazil for almost 30 years. The re-emergence of DENV-4 triggered the intensification of mechanical and chemical Aedes aegypti control activities in order to reduce vector density and avoid DENV-4 dissemination throughout the country.<h4>Methods/principal findings</h4>Vector control activities consisted of (a) source reduction, (b) application of diflubenzuron against larvae and (c) vehicle-mounted space spraying of 2% deltamethrin to eliminate adults. Control activity efficacy was monitored by comparing the infestation levels and the number of eggs collected in ovitraps before and after interventions, performed in 22 Boa Vista districts, covering an area of ∼ 80% of the city and encompassing 56,837 dwellings. A total of 94,325 containers were eliminated or treated with diflubenzuron. The most frequently positive containers were small miscellaneous receptacles, which corresponded to 59% of all positive breeding sites. Insecticide resistance to deltamethrin was assessed before, during and after interventions by dose-response bioassays adopting WHO-based protocols. The intense use of the pyrethroid increased fourfold the resistance ratio of the local Ae. aegypti population only six months after the beginning of vector control. Curiously, this trend was also observed in the districts in which no deltamethrin was applied by the public health services. On the other hand, changes in the resistance ratio to the organophosphate temephos seemed less influenced by insecticide in Boa Vista.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite the intense effort, mosquito infestation levels were only slightly reduced. Besides, the median number of eggs in ovitraps remained unaltered after control activity intensification. The great and rapid increase in pyrethroid resistance levels of natural Ae. aegypti populations is discussed in the context of both public and domestic intensification of chemical control due to a dengue outbreak.
format	article
author	Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas Fernando Campos Avendanho Rosangela Santos Gabriel Sylvestre Simone Costa Araújo José Bento Pereira Lima Ademir Jesus Martins Giovanini Evelim Coelho Denise Valle
author_facet	Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas Fernando Campos Avendanho Rosangela Santos Gabriel Sylvestre Simone Costa Araújo José Bento Pereira Lima Ademir Jesus Martins Giovanini Evelim Coelho Denise Valle
author_sort	Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
title	Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
title_short	Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
title_full	Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
title_fullStr	Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
title_full_unstemmed	Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
title_sort	undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf9aef0b29b543cba335489c169a9c70
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Undesirable consequences of insecticide resistance following Aedes aegypti control activities due to a dengue outbreak.

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