A distinct negative leader propagation mode
Abstract The common phenomenon of lightning still harbors many secrets such as what are the conditions for lightning initiation and what is driving the discharge to propagate over several tens of kilometers through the atmosphere forming conducting ionized channels called leaders. Since lightning is...
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Nature Portfolio
2021
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/cf9ed01604704320a54a252ce959fc83 |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| id |
oai:doaj.org-article:cf9ed01604704320a54a252ce959fc83 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:cf9ed01604704320a54a252ce959fc832021-12-02T15:08:23ZA distinct negative leader propagation mode10.1038/s41598-021-95433-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cf9ed01604704320a54a252ce959fc832021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95433-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The common phenomenon of lightning still harbors many secrets such as what are the conditions for lightning initiation and what is driving the discharge to propagate over several tens of kilometers through the atmosphere forming conducting ionized channels called leaders. Since lightning is an electric discharge phenomenon, there are positively and negatively charged leaders. In this work we report on measurements made with the LOFAR radio telescope, an instrument primarily build for radio-astronomy observations. It is observed that a negative leader rather suddenly changes, for a few milliseconds, into a mode where it radiates 100 times more VHF power than typical negative leaders after which it spawns a large number of more typical negative leaders. This mode occurs during the initial stage, soon after initiation, of all lightning flashes we have mapped (about 25). For some flashes this mode occurs also well after initiation and we show one case where it is triggered twice, some 100 ms apart. We postulate that this is indicative of a small (order of 5 km $$^2$$ 2 ) high charge pocket. Lightning thus appears to be initiated exclusively in the vicinity of such a small but dense charge pocket.O. ScholtenB. M. HareJ. DwyerN. LiuC. SterpkaI. KolmašováO. SantolíkR. LánL. UhlířS. BuitinkA. CorstanjeH. FalckeT. HuegeJ. R. HörandelG. K. KrampahP. MitraK. MulreyA. NellesH. PandyaJ. P. RachenT. N. G. TrinhS. ter VeenS. ThoudamT. WinchenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
| spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q O. Scholten B. M. Hare J. Dwyer N. Liu C. Sterpka I. Kolmašová O. Santolík R. Lán L. Uhlíř S. Buitink A. Corstanje H. Falcke T. Huege J. R. Hörandel G. K. Krampah P. Mitra K. Mulrey A. Nelles H. Pandya J. P. Rachen T. N. G. Trinh S. ter Veen S. Thoudam T. Winchen A distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| description |
Abstract The common phenomenon of lightning still harbors many secrets such as what are the conditions for lightning initiation and what is driving the discharge to propagate over several tens of kilometers through the atmosphere forming conducting ionized channels called leaders. Since lightning is an electric discharge phenomenon, there are positively and negatively charged leaders. In this work we report on measurements made with the LOFAR radio telescope, an instrument primarily build for radio-astronomy observations. It is observed that a negative leader rather suddenly changes, for a few milliseconds, into a mode where it radiates 100 times more VHF power than typical negative leaders after which it spawns a large number of more typical negative leaders. This mode occurs during the initial stage, soon after initiation, of all lightning flashes we have mapped (about 25). For some flashes this mode occurs also well after initiation and we show one case where it is triggered twice, some 100 ms apart. We postulate that this is indicative of a small (order of 5 km $$^2$$ 2 ) high charge pocket. Lightning thus appears to be initiated exclusively in the vicinity of such a small but dense charge pocket. |
| format |
article |
| author |
O. Scholten B. M. Hare J. Dwyer N. Liu C. Sterpka I. Kolmašová O. Santolík R. Lán L. Uhlíř S. Buitink A. Corstanje H. Falcke T. Huege J. R. Hörandel G. K. Krampah P. Mitra K. Mulrey A. Nelles H. Pandya J. P. Rachen T. N. G. Trinh S. ter Veen S. Thoudam T. Winchen |
| author_facet |
O. Scholten B. M. Hare J. Dwyer N. Liu C. Sterpka I. Kolmašová O. Santolík R. Lán L. Uhlíř S. Buitink A. Corstanje H. Falcke T. Huege J. R. Hörandel G. K. Krampah P. Mitra K. Mulrey A. Nelles H. Pandya J. P. Rachen T. N. G. Trinh S. ter Veen S. Thoudam T. Winchen |
| author_sort |
O. Scholten |
| title |
A distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| title_short |
A distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| title_full |
A distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| title_fullStr |
A distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| title_sort |
distinct negative leader propagation mode |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/cf9ed01604704320a54a252ce959fc83 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT oscholten adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT bmhare adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT jdwyer adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT nliu adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT csterpka adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT ikolmasova adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT osantolik adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT rlan adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT luhlir adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT sbuitink adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT acorstanje adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT hfalcke adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT thuege adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT jrhorandel adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT gkkrampah adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT pmitra adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT kmulrey adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT anelles adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT hpandya adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT jprachen adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT tngtrinh adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT sterveen adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT sthoudam adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT twinchen adistinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT oscholten distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT bmhare distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT jdwyer distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT nliu distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT csterpka distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT ikolmasova distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT osantolik distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT rlan distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT luhlir distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT sbuitink distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT acorstanje distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT hfalcke distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT thuege distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT jrhorandel distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT gkkrampah distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT pmitra distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT kmulrey distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT anelles distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT hpandya distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT jprachen distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT tngtrinh distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT sterveen distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT sthoudam distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode AT twinchen distinctnegativeleaderpropagationmode |
| _version_ |
1718388150341992448 |