Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.

Genital Herpes, which is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 or -2 (HSV-1, -2, predominantly HSV-2) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes a chronic latent infection with outbreak episodes linked to transmission. Antiviral therapies are effective in reducing viral shedding during these e...

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Autores principales:	Yijun Lou, Redouane Qesmi, Qian Wang, Marc Steben, Jianhong Wu, Jane M Heffernan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d028bf1b9dd14e349e510f21daf91fcc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d028bf1b9dd14e349e510f21daf91fcc2021-11-18T08:12:25ZEpidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0046027https://doaj.org/article/d028bf1b9dd14e349e510f21daf91fcc2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23071536/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Genital Herpes, which is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 or -2 (HSV-1, -2, predominantly HSV-2) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes a chronic latent infection with outbreak episodes linked to transmission. Antiviral therapies are effective in reducing viral shedding during these episodes, but are ineffective as a whole since many outbreaks are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Thus, the development of a vaccine for genital herpes is needed to control this disease. The question of how to implement such a vaccine program is an important one, and may be similar to the vaccination program for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) for young females. We have developed a mathematical model to describe the epidemiology of vaccination targeting young females against HSV-2. The model population is delineated with respect to age group, sexual activity and infection status including oral infection of HSV-1, which may affect vaccine efficacy. A threshold parameter R(C), which determines the level of vaccine uptake needed to eradicate HSV-2, is found. Computer simulation shows that an adolescent-only vaccination program may be effective in eliminating HSV-2 disease, however, the success of extinction greatly depends on the level of vaccine uptake, the vaccine efficacy, the age of sexual maturity and safe sex practices. However, the time course of eradication would take many years. We also investigate the prevalence of infection in the total population and in women between 16-30 years of age before and after vaccination has been introduced, and show that the adolescent-only vaccination program can be effective in reducing disease prevalence in these populations depending on the level of vaccine uptake and vaccine efficacy. This will also result in a decrease of maternal-fetal transmission of HSV-2 infection. Another important, if commonsense, conclusion is that vaccination of some females reduces infection in men, which then reduces infection in women.Yijun LouRedouane QesmiQian WangMarc StebenJianhong WuJane M HeffernanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e46027 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yijun Lou Redouane Qesmi Qian Wang Marc Steben Jianhong Wu Jane M Heffernan Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
description	Genital Herpes, which is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 or -2 (HSV-1, -2, predominantly HSV-2) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes a chronic latent infection with outbreak episodes linked to transmission. Antiviral therapies are effective in reducing viral shedding during these episodes, but are ineffective as a whole since many outbreaks are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Thus, the development of a vaccine for genital herpes is needed to control this disease. The question of how to implement such a vaccine program is an important one, and may be similar to the vaccination program for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) for young females. We have developed a mathematical model to describe the epidemiology of vaccination targeting young females against HSV-2. The model population is delineated with respect to age group, sexual activity and infection status including oral infection of HSV-1, which may affect vaccine efficacy. A threshold parameter R(C), which determines the level of vaccine uptake needed to eradicate HSV-2, is found. Computer simulation shows that an adolescent-only vaccination program may be effective in eliminating HSV-2 disease, however, the success of extinction greatly depends on the level of vaccine uptake, the vaccine efficacy, the age of sexual maturity and safe sex practices. However, the time course of eradication would take many years. We also investigate the prevalence of infection in the total population and in women between 16-30 years of age before and after vaccination has been introduced, and show that the adolescent-only vaccination program can be effective in reducing disease prevalence in these populations depending on the level of vaccine uptake and vaccine efficacy. This will also result in a decrease of maternal-fetal transmission of HSV-2 infection. Another important, if commonsense, conclusion is that vaccination of some females reduces infection in men, which then reduces infection in women.
format	article
author	Yijun Lou Redouane Qesmi Qian Wang Marc Steben Jianhong Wu Jane M Heffernan
author_facet	Yijun Lou Redouane Qesmi Qian Wang Marc Steben Jianhong Wu Jane M Heffernan
author_sort	Yijun Lou
title	Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
title_short	Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
title_full	Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
title_fullStr	Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
title_full_unstemmed	Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
title_sort	epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/d028bf1b9dd14e349e510f21daf91fcc
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Epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females.

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