Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.

<h4>Background</h4>Effects of urbanisation on diabetes risk appear to be greater in indigenous populations worldwide than in populations of European origin, but the reasons are unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether the effects of environment (Rural vs. Urban), ad...

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Autores principales:	Carlos A Celis-Morales, Francisco Perez-Bravo, Luis Ibañes, Ruth Sanzana, Edison Hormazabal, Natalia Ulloa, Carlos Calvo, Mark E S Bailey, Jason M R Gill
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d05c2f5815664e60961bbe40040b5ac6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d05c2f5815664e60961bbe40040b5ac62021-11-04T06:08:58ZInsulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0024690https://doaj.org/article/d05c2f5815664e60961bbe40040b5ac62011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21931814/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Effects of urbanisation on diabetes risk appear to be greater in indigenous populations worldwide than in populations of European origin, but the reasons are unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether the effects of environment (Rural vs. Urban), adiposity, fitness and lifestyle variables on insulin resistance differed between individuals of indigenous Mapuche origin compared to those of European origin in Chile.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>123 Rural Mapuche, 124 Urban Mapuche, 91 Rural European and 134 Urban European Chilean adults had blood taken for determination of HOMA-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)) and underwent assessment of physical activity/sedentary behaviour (using accelerometry), cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary intake and body composition. General linear models were used to determine interactions with ethnicity for key variables. There was a significant "ethnicity x environment" interaction for HOMA(IR) (Mean±SD; Rural Mapuche: 1.65±2.03, Urban Mapuche: 4.90±3.05, Rural European: 0.82±0.61, Urban European: 1.55±1.34, p((interaction)) = 0.0003), such that the effect of urbanisation on HOMA(IR) was greater in Mapuches than Europeans. In addition, there were significant interactions (all p<0.004) with ethnicity for effects of adiposity, sedentary time and physical activity on HOMA(IR,) with greater effects seen in Mapuches compared to Europeans, an observation that persisted after adjustment for potential confounders.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Urbanisation, adiposity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour influence insulin resistance to a greater extent in Chilean Mapuches than Chileans of European descent. These findings have implications for the design and implementation of lifestyle strategies to reduce metabolic risk in different ethnic groups, and for understanding of the mechanisms underpinning human insulin resistance.Carlos A Celis-MoralesFrancisco Perez-BravoLuis IbañesRuth SanzanaEdison HormazabalNatalia UlloaCarlos CalvoMark E S BaileyJason M R GillPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 9, p e24690 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Carlos A Celis-Morales Francisco Perez-Bravo Luis Ibañes Ruth Sanzana Edison Hormazabal Natalia Ulloa Carlos Calvo Mark E S Bailey Jason M R Gill Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Effects of urbanisation on diabetes risk appear to be greater in indigenous populations worldwide than in populations of European origin, but the reasons are unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether the effects of environment (Rural vs. Urban), adiposity, fitness and lifestyle variables on insulin resistance differed between individuals of indigenous Mapuche origin compared to those of European origin in Chile.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>123 Rural Mapuche, 124 Urban Mapuche, 91 Rural European and 134 Urban European Chilean adults had blood taken for determination of HOMA-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)) and underwent assessment of physical activity/sedentary behaviour (using accelerometry), cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary intake and body composition. General linear models were used to determine interactions with ethnicity for key variables. There was a significant "ethnicity x environment" interaction for HOMA(IR) (Mean±SD; Rural Mapuche: 1.65±2.03, Urban Mapuche: 4.90±3.05, Rural European: 0.82±0.61, Urban European: 1.55±1.34, p((interaction)) = 0.0003), such that the effect of urbanisation on HOMA(IR) was greater in Mapuches than Europeans. In addition, there were significant interactions (all p<0.004) with ethnicity for effects of adiposity, sedentary time and physical activity on HOMA(IR,) with greater effects seen in Mapuches compared to Europeans, an observation that persisted after adjustment for potential confounders.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Urbanisation, adiposity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour influence insulin resistance to a greater extent in Chilean Mapuches than Chileans of European descent. These findings have implications for the design and implementation of lifestyle strategies to reduce metabolic risk in different ethnic groups, and for understanding of the mechanisms underpinning human insulin resistance.
format	article
author	Carlos A Celis-Morales Francisco Perez-Bravo Luis Ibañes Ruth Sanzana Edison Hormazabal Natalia Ulloa Carlos Calvo Mark E S Bailey Jason M R Gill
author_facet	Carlos A Celis-Morales Francisco Perez-Bravo Luis Ibañes Ruth Sanzana Edison Hormazabal Natalia Ulloa Carlos Calvo Mark E S Bailey Jason M R Gill
author_sort	Carlos A Celis-Morales
title	Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
title_short	Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
title_full	Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
title_fullStr	Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
title_full_unstemmed	Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
title_sort	insulin resistance in chileans of european and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/d05c2f5815664e60961bbe40040b5ac6
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Insulin resistance in Chileans of European and indigenous descent: evidence for an ethnicity x environment interaction.

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