The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials

Some research suggests that positive and negative valence stimuli may be processed differently. For example, negative material may capture and hold attention more readily than equally arousing positive material. This is called the negativity bias, and it has been observed as both behavioural and ele...

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Autores principales:	Regard M. Booy, Patrick L. Carolan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d0b4da3632264c6b942dd4de84d4617c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d0b4da3632264c6b942dd4de84d4617c2021-11-11T06:44:16ZThe role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/d0b4da3632264c6b942dd4de84d4617c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8565729/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Some research suggests that positive and negative valence stimuli may be processed differently. For example, negative material may capture and hold attention more readily than equally arousing positive material. This is called the negativity bias, and it has been observed as both behavioural and electroencephalographic (EEG) effects. Consequently, it has been attributed to both automatic and elaborative processes. However, at the lowest levels of arousal, faster reaction times and stronger EEG responses to positive material have been observed. This is called the positivity offset, and the underlying cognitive mechanism is less understood. To study the role of selective attention in the positivity offset, participants completed a negative affective priming (NAP) task modified to dissociate priming for positive and negative words. The task required participants to indicate the valence of a target word, while simultaneously ignoring a distractor. In experiment 1, a behavioural facilitation effect (faster response time) was observed for positive words, in stark contrast to the original NAP task. These results were congruent with a previously reported general categorization advantage for positive material. In experiment 2, participants performed the task while EEG was recorded. In additional to replicating the behavioural results from experiment 1, positive words elicited a larger Late Positive Potential (LPP) component on ignored repetition relative to control trials. Surprisingly, negative words elicited a larger LPP than positive words on control trials. These results suggest that the positivity offset may reflect a greater sensitivity to priming effects due to a more flexible attentional set.Regard M. BooyPatrick L. CarolanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Regard M. Booy Patrick L. Carolan The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials
description	Some research suggests that positive and negative valence stimuli may be processed differently. For example, negative material may capture and hold attention more readily than equally arousing positive material. This is called the negativity bias, and it has been observed as both behavioural and electroencephalographic (EEG) effects. Consequently, it has been attributed to both automatic and elaborative processes. However, at the lowest levels of arousal, faster reaction times and stronger EEG responses to positive material have been observed. This is called the positivity offset, and the underlying cognitive mechanism is less understood. To study the role of selective attention in the positivity offset, participants completed a negative affective priming (NAP) task modified to dissociate priming for positive and negative words. The task required participants to indicate the valence of a target word, while simultaneously ignoring a distractor. In experiment 1, a behavioural facilitation effect (faster response time) was observed for positive words, in stark contrast to the original NAP task. These results were congruent with a previously reported general categorization advantage for positive material. In experiment 2, participants performed the task while EEG was recorded. In additional to replicating the behavioural results from experiment 1, positive words elicited a larger Late Positive Potential (LPP) component on ignored repetition relative to control trials. Surprisingly, negative words elicited a larger LPP than positive words on control trials. These results suggest that the positivity offset may reflect a greater sensitivity to priming effects due to a more flexible attentional set.
format	article
author	Regard M. Booy Patrick L. Carolan
author_facet	Regard M. Booy Patrick L. Carolan
author_sort	Regard M. Booy
title	The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials
title_short	The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials
title_full	The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials
title_fullStr	The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials
title_full_unstemmed	The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials
title_sort	role of selective attention in the positivity offset: evidence from event related potentials
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d0b4da3632264c6b942dd4de84d4617c
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The role of selective attention in the positivity offset: Evidence from event related potentials

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