Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective

Due to their exceptional properties, extracellular vesicles (EVs) receive special attention as next generation biotherapeutics and vehicles for drug delivery. However, despite having many advantages over cell-based therapies, EVs usually exert lower therapeutic efficacy. This results from a number o...

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Autores principales:	Katarzyna Nazimek, Krzysztof Bryniarski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	antibody biotherapeutics exosomes extracellular vesicles treatment efficiency Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d0b687cd33a84609820080487fff27e9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d0b687cd33a84609820080487fff27e92021-11-30T19:03:57ZIncreasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective2296-634X10.3389/fcell.2021.790722https://doaj.org/article/d0b687cd33a84609820080487fff27e92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.790722/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-634XDue to their exceptional properties, extracellular vesicles (EVs) receive special attention as next generation biotherapeutics and vehicles for drug delivery. However, despite having many advantages over cell-based therapies, EVs usually exert lower therapeutic efficacy. This results from a number of hurdles that are faced by the EV-based approaches. Administered EVs could be rapidly cleared by the mononuclear phagocytes as well as can randomly distribute within various tissues, making tissue penetration and cell targeting insufficient. However, recent research findings imply that these limitations could be overcome with the use of antigen-specific antibodies and light chains. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-expressing EVs have been shown to form aggregates after co-incubation with antigen-specific antibodies, which greatly enhanced their biological efficacy. On the other hand, EVs could be coated with antibody light chains of chosen specificity to direct them towards desired target cell population. Both findings open up a promising perspective to achieve the highest efficacy of the EV-based approaches. Herein we discuss the opportunities for enhancing extracellular vesicle’s biological activity by using specific antibodies and light chains in the context of the challenges faced by such therapeutic approach.Katarzyna NazimekKrzysztof BryniarskiFrontiers Media S.A.articleantibodybiotherapeuticsexosomesextracellular vesiclestreatment efficiencyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antibody biotherapeutics exosomes extracellular vesicles treatment efficiency Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	antibody biotherapeutics exosomes extracellular vesicles treatment efficiency Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Katarzyna Nazimek Krzysztof Bryniarski Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective
description	Due to their exceptional properties, extracellular vesicles (EVs) receive special attention as next generation biotherapeutics and vehicles for drug delivery. However, despite having many advantages over cell-based therapies, EVs usually exert lower therapeutic efficacy. This results from a number of hurdles that are faced by the EV-based approaches. Administered EVs could be rapidly cleared by the mononuclear phagocytes as well as can randomly distribute within various tissues, making tissue penetration and cell targeting insufficient. However, recent research findings imply that these limitations could be overcome with the use of antigen-specific antibodies and light chains. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-expressing EVs have been shown to form aggregates after co-incubation with antigen-specific antibodies, which greatly enhanced their biological efficacy. On the other hand, EVs could be coated with antibody light chains of chosen specificity to direct them towards desired target cell population. Both findings open up a promising perspective to achieve the highest efficacy of the EV-based approaches. Herein we discuss the opportunities for enhancing extracellular vesicle’s biological activity by using specific antibodies and light chains in the context of the challenges faced by such therapeutic approach.
format	article
author	Katarzyna Nazimek Krzysztof Bryniarski
author_facet	Katarzyna Nazimek Krzysztof Bryniarski
author_sort	Katarzyna Nazimek
title	Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective
title_short	Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective
title_full	Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective
title_fullStr	Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective
title_full_unstemmed	Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective
title_sort	increasing the therapeutic efficacy of extracellular vesicles from the antigen-specific antibody and light chain perspective
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d0b687cd33a84609820080487fff27e9
work_keys_str_mv	AT katarzynanazimek increasingthetherapeuticefficacyofextracellularvesiclesfromtheantigenspecificantibodyandlightchainperspective AT krzysztofbryniarski increasingthetherapeuticefficacyofextracellularvesiclesfromtheantigenspecificantibodyandlightchainperspective
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Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles From the Antigen-Specific Antibody and Light Chain Perspective

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