Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept

Road safety has become a serious issue in both developed and developing countries, costing billions of dollars every year. Road accidents at nighttime especially in low illumination situations are common and severe and have gained a lot of attention. To improve visibility and avoid traffic accidents...

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Autores principales:	Sajid Hussain, Xuemei Zhou, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Kashif Anwar, Muhammad Aamir Basheer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	circular economy road safety radium beads (RPB) mechanical properties reflecting materials performance Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d0b7077a3a1a48b8a1c85d4a55194851
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:d0b7077a3a1a48b8a1c85d4a55194851
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d0b7077a3a1a48b8a1c85d4a551948512021-11-11T18:44:24ZUtilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept10.3390/polym132137082073-4360https://doaj.org/article/d0b7077a3a1a48b8a1c85d4a551948512021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3708https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Road safety has become a serious issue in both developed and developing countries, costing billions of dollars every year. Road accidents at nighttime especially in low illumination situations are common and severe and have gained a lot of attention. To improve visibility and avoid traffic accidents, a series of efforts have been made but the existing mechanism is facing continuous challenges and highlighting a need for smart highways with high efficiency, road safety, and strength. In this study, the use of radium polymer beads (RPB) is proposed to avoid road accidents. The effect of RPB was investigated by comparing the results of the beads’ surface and modified asphalt mixtures using the three-stage testing methodology. Utilizing the circular economy, RPB have been introduced as a solution to the problem. Results indicated that in the first phase, the addition of RPB on the mixture surface improved the mechanical performance of the road pavement and helped in avoiding road accidents due to their ability to absorb the light from the source and then reflect in the night. Moreover, the mechanical properties using Marshall stability standard parameters (stability 9 kN and flow 2–4 mm range) were fulfilled as a standard testing requirement. The proposed radium bead layer can reduce road accidents and provide a direction towards future smart highways by using new reflective materials in road construction.Sajid HussainXuemei ZhouSyyed Adnan Raheel ShahNaveed AhmadMuhammad Kashif AnwarMuhammad Aamir BasheerMDPI AGarticlecircular economyroad safetyradium beads (RPB)mechanical propertiesreflecting materialsperformanceOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3708, p 3708 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	circular economy road safety radium beads (RPB) mechanical properties reflecting materials performance Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	circular economy road safety radium beads (RPB) mechanical properties reflecting materials performance Organic chemistry QD241-441 Sajid Hussain Xuemei Zhou Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah Naveed Ahmad Muhammad Kashif Anwar Muhammad Aamir Basheer Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept
description	Road safety has become a serious issue in both developed and developing countries, costing billions of dollars every year. Road accidents at nighttime especially in low illumination situations are common and severe and have gained a lot of attention. To improve visibility and avoid traffic accidents, a series of efforts have been made but the existing mechanism is facing continuous challenges and highlighting a need for smart highways with high efficiency, road safety, and strength. In this study, the use of radium polymer beads (RPB) is proposed to avoid road accidents. The effect of RPB was investigated by comparing the results of the beads’ surface and modified asphalt mixtures using the three-stage testing methodology. Utilizing the circular economy, RPB have been introduced as a solution to the problem. Results indicated that in the first phase, the addition of RPB on the mixture surface improved the mechanical performance of the road pavement and helped in avoiding road accidents due to their ability to absorb the light from the source and then reflect in the night. Moreover, the mechanical properties using Marshall stability standard parameters (stability 9 kN and flow 2–4 mm range) were fulfilled as a standard testing requirement. The proposed radium bead layer can reduce road accidents and provide a direction towards future smart highways by using new reflective materials in road construction.
format	article
author	Sajid Hussain Xuemei Zhou Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah Naveed Ahmad Muhammad Kashif Anwar Muhammad Aamir Basheer
author_facet	Sajid Hussain Xuemei Zhou Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah Naveed Ahmad Muhammad Kashif Anwar Muhammad Aamir Basheer
author_sort	Sajid Hussain
title	Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept
title_short	Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept
title_full	Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept
title_fullStr	Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept
title_full_unstemmed	Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept
title_sort	utilization of radium-bead material for road safety: an application of the circular economy concept
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d0b7077a3a1a48b8a1c85d4a55194851
work_keys_str_mv	AT sajidhussain utilizationofradiumbeadmaterialforroadsafetyanapplicationofthecirculareconomyconcept AT xuemeizhou utilizationofradiumbeadmaterialforroadsafetyanapplicationofthecirculareconomyconcept AT syyedadnanraheelshah utilizationofradiumbeadmaterialforroadsafetyanapplicationofthecirculareconomyconcept AT naveedahmad utilizationofradiumbeadmaterialforroadsafetyanapplicationofthecirculareconomyconcept AT muhammadkashifanwar utilizationofradiumbeadmaterialforroadsafetyanapplicationofthecirculareconomyconcept AT muhammadaamirbasheer utilizationofradiumbeadmaterialforroadsafetyanapplicationofthecirculareconomyconcept
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Utilization of Radium-Bead Material for Road Safety: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept

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