Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 60–74% of males with FXS meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD. Infants with FXS have demonstrated atypical neural responses during face processing that are unique from both typically developing, low-ris...

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Autores principales:	Maggie W. Guy, John E. Richards, Abigail L. Hogan, Jane E. Roberts
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	event-related potentials fragile X syndrome autism spectrum disorder infant child Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d0f8c7e27137493090cbff0697f5d4e1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d0f8c7e27137493090cbff0697f5d4e12021-11-30T17:47:31ZNeural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome1664-064010.3389/fpsyt.2021.716642https://doaj.org/article/d0f8c7e27137493090cbff0697f5d4e12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.716642/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-0640Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 60–74% of males with FXS meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD. Infants with FXS have demonstrated atypical neural responses during face processing that are unique from both typically developing, low-risk infants and infants at high familial risk for ASD (i.e., infants siblings of children with ASD). In the current study, event-related potential (ERP) responses during face processing measured at 12 months of age were examined in relation to ASD symptoms measured at ~48 months of age in participants with FXS, as well as siblings of children with ASD and low-risk control participants. Results revealed that greater amplitude N290 responses in infancy were associated with more severe ASD symptoms in childhood in FXS and in siblings of children with ASD. This pattern of results was not observed for low-risk control participants. Reduced Nc amplitude was associated with more severe ASD symptoms in participants with FXS but was not observed in the other groups. This is the first study to examine ASD symptoms in childhood in relation to infant ERP responses in FXS. Results indicate that infant ERP responses may be predictive of later symptoms of ASD in FXS and the presence of both common and unique pathways to ASD in etiologically-distinct high-risk groups is supported (i.e., syndromic risk vs. familial risk).Maggie W. GuyJohn E. RichardsAbigail L. HoganJane E. RobertsFrontiers Media S.A.articleevent-related potentialsfragile X syndromeautism spectrum disorderinfantchildPsychiatryRC435-571ENFrontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	event-related potentials fragile X syndrome autism spectrum disorder infant child Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	event-related potentials fragile X syndrome autism spectrum disorder infant child Psychiatry RC435-571 Maggie W. Guy John E. Richards Abigail L. Hogan Jane E. Roberts Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
description	Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 60–74% of males with FXS meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD. Infants with FXS have demonstrated atypical neural responses during face processing that are unique from both typically developing, low-risk infants and infants at high familial risk for ASD (i.e., infants siblings of children with ASD). In the current study, event-related potential (ERP) responses during face processing measured at 12 months of age were examined in relation to ASD symptoms measured at ~48 months of age in participants with FXS, as well as siblings of children with ASD and low-risk control participants. Results revealed that greater amplitude N290 responses in infancy were associated with more severe ASD symptoms in childhood in FXS and in siblings of children with ASD. This pattern of results was not observed for low-risk control participants. Reduced Nc amplitude was associated with more severe ASD symptoms in participants with FXS but was not observed in the other groups. This is the first study to examine ASD symptoms in childhood in relation to infant ERP responses in FXS. Results indicate that infant ERP responses may be predictive of later symptoms of ASD in FXS and the presence of both common and unique pathways to ASD in etiologically-distinct high-risk groups is supported (i.e., syndromic risk vs. familial risk).
format	article
author	Maggie W. Guy John E. Richards Abigail L. Hogan Jane E. Roberts
author_facet	Maggie W. Guy John E. Richards Abigail L. Hogan Jane E. Roberts
author_sort	Maggie W. Guy
title	Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_short	Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_full	Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_fullStr	Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed	Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome
title_sort	neural correlates of infant face processing and later emerging autism symptoms in fragile x syndrome
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d0f8c7e27137493090cbff0697f5d4e1
work_keys_str_mv	AT maggiewguy neuralcorrelatesofinfantfaceprocessingandlateremergingautismsymptomsinfragilexsyndrome AT johnerichards neuralcorrelatesofinfantfaceprocessingandlateremergingautismsymptomsinfragilexsyndrome AT abigaillhogan neuralcorrelatesofinfantfaceprocessingandlateremergingautismsymptomsinfragilexsyndrome AT janeeroberts neuralcorrelatesofinfantfaceprocessingandlateremergingautismsymptomsinfragilexsyndrome
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Neural Correlates of Infant Face Processing and Later Emerging Autism Symptoms in Fragile X Syndrome

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