Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease

ABSTRACT To address the question of how microbial diversity and function in the oral cavities of children relates to caries diagnosis, we surveyed the supragingival plaque biofilm microbiome in 44 juvenile twin pairs. Using shotgun sequencing, we constructed a genome encyclopedia describing the core...

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Autores principales:	Josh L. Espinoza, Derek M. Harkins, Manolito Torralba, Andres Gomez, Sarah K. Highlander, Marcus B. Jones, Pamela Leong, Richard Saffery, Michelle Bockmann, Claire Kuelbs, Jason M. Inman, Toby Hughes, Jeffrey M. Craig, Karen E. Nelson, Chris L. Dupont
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	Streptococcus metabolism metagenomics microbial ecology oral microbiology Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d0f9ec9e3f6946dfaa0c58af1210e690
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d0f9ec9e3f6946dfaa0c58af1210e6902021-11-15T15:52:19ZSupragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease10.1128/mBio.01631-182150-7511https://doaj.org/article/d0f9ec9e3f6946dfaa0c58af1210e6902018-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01631-18https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT To address the question of how microbial diversity and function in the oral cavities of children relates to caries diagnosis, we surveyed the supragingival plaque biofilm microbiome in 44 juvenile twin pairs. Using shotgun sequencing, we constructed a genome encyclopedia describing the core supragingival plaque microbiome. Caries phenotypes contained statistically significant enrichments in specific genome abundances and distinct community composition profiles, including strain-level changes. Metabolic pathways that are statistically associated with caries include several sugar-associated phosphotransferase systems, antimicrobial resistance, and metal transport. Numerous closely related previously uncharacterized microbes had substantial variation in central metabolism, including the loss of biosynthetic pathways resulting in auxotrophy, changing the ecological role. We also describe the first complete Gracilibacteria genomes from the human microbiome. Caries is a microbial community metabolic disorder that cannot be described by a single etiology, and our results provide the information needed for next-generation diagnostic tools and therapeutics for caries. IMPORTANCE Oral health has substantial economic importance, with over $100 billion spent on dental care in the United States annually. The microbiome plays a critical role in oral health, yet remains poorly classified. To address the question of how microbial diversity and function in the oral cavities of children relate to caries diagnosis, we surveyed the supragingival plaque biofilm microbiome in 44 juvenile twin pairs. Using shotgun sequencing, we constructed a genome encyclopedia describing the core supragingival plaque microbiome. This unveiled several new previously uncharacterized but ubiquitous microbial lineages in the oral microbiome. Caries is a microbial community metabolic disorder that cannot be described by a single etiology, and our results provide the information needed for next-generation diagnostic tools and therapeutics for caries.Josh L. EspinozaDerek M. HarkinsManolito TorralbaAndres GomezSarah K. HighlanderMarcus B. JonesPamela LeongRichard SafferyMichelle BockmannClaire KuelbsJason M. InmanToby HughesJeffrey M. CraigKaren E. NelsonChris L. DupontAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleStreptococcusmetabolismmetagenomicsmicrobial ecologyoral microbiologyMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 9, Iss 6 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Streptococcus metabolism metagenomics microbial ecology oral microbiology Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Streptococcus metabolism metagenomics microbial ecology oral microbiology Microbiology QR1-502 Josh L. Espinoza Derek M. Harkins Manolito Torralba Andres Gomez Sarah K. Highlander Marcus B. Jones Pamela Leong Richard Saffery Michelle Bockmann Claire Kuelbs Jason M. Inman Toby Hughes Jeffrey M. Craig Karen E. Nelson Chris L. Dupont Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease
description	ABSTRACT To address the question of how microbial diversity and function in the oral cavities of children relates to caries diagnosis, we surveyed the supragingival plaque biofilm microbiome in 44 juvenile twin pairs. Using shotgun sequencing, we constructed a genome encyclopedia describing the core supragingival plaque microbiome. Caries phenotypes contained statistically significant enrichments in specific genome abundances and distinct community composition profiles, including strain-level changes. Metabolic pathways that are statistically associated with caries include several sugar-associated phosphotransferase systems, antimicrobial resistance, and metal transport. Numerous closely related previously uncharacterized microbes had substantial variation in central metabolism, including the loss of biosynthetic pathways resulting in auxotrophy, changing the ecological role. We also describe the first complete Gracilibacteria genomes from the human microbiome. Caries is a microbial community metabolic disorder that cannot be described by a single etiology, and our results provide the information needed for next-generation diagnostic tools and therapeutics for caries. IMPORTANCE Oral health has substantial economic importance, with over $100 billion spent on dental care in the United States annually. The microbiome plays a critical role in oral health, yet remains poorly classified. To address the question of how microbial diversity and function in the oral cavities of children relate to caries diagnosis, we surveyed the supragingival plaque biofilm microbiome in 44 juvenile twin pairs. Using shotgun sequencing, we constructed a genome encyclopedia describing the core supragingival plaque microbiome. This unveiled several new previously uncharacterized but ubiquitous microbial lineages in the oral microbiome. Caries is a microbial community metabolic disorder that cannot be described by a single etiology, and our results provide the information needed for next-generation diagnostic tools and therapeutics for caries.
format	article
author	Josh L. Espinoza Derek M. Harkins Manolito Torralba Andres Gomez Sarah K. Highlander Marcus B. Jones Pamela Leong Richard Saffery Michelle Bockmann Claire Kuelbs Jason M. Inman Toby Hughes Jeffrey M. Craig Karen E. Nelson Chris L. Dupont
author_facet	Josh L. Espinoza Derek M. Harkins Manolito Torralba Andres Gomez Sarah K. Highlander Marcus B. Jones Pamela Leong Richard Saffery Michelle Bockmann Claire Kuelbs Jason M. Inman Toby Hughes Jeffrey M. Craig Karen E. Nelson Chris L. Dupont
author_sort	Josh L. Espinoza
title	Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease
title_short	Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease
title_full	Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease
title_fullStr	Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease
title_full_unstemmed	Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease
title_sort	supragingival plaque microbiome ecology and functional potential in the context of health and disease
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/d0f9ec9e3f6946dfaa0c58af1210e690
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Supragingival Plaque Microbiome Ecology and Functional Potential in the Context of Health and Disease

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