Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce

Efficient cultivation methods were investigated to promote the branding of products in plant factories. Moderate stress can enhance plant constituents that are beneficial for human health, without reducing yield. Dehydration stress in lettuce rhizospheres increased some antioxidants, including L-asc...

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Autores principales:	Ryohei Koyama, Aika Yoshimoto, Misaki Ishibashi, Hiromichi Itoh, Yuichi Uno
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ascorbate peroxidase dehydrin oxygen radical absorbance capacity plant factories rhizosphere RNA-seq Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d104285fb8b743eaa4c4729a6c97269d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d104285fb8b743eaa4c4729a6c97269d2021-11-25T17:47:12ZEnzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce10.3390/horticulturae71104442311-7524https://doaj.org/article/d104285fb8b743eaa4c4729a6c97269d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/11/444https://doaj.org/toc/2311-7524Efficient cultivation methods were investigated to promote the branding of products in plant factories. Moderate stress can enhance plant constituents that are beneficial for human health, without reducing yield. Dehydration stress in lettuce rhizospheres increased some antioxidants, including L-ascorbic acid (AsA) and polyphenols. In this study, the major factors contributing to the augmentation of antioxidant constituents were investigated. The drought treatment resulted in increased hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values but not hydrophobic ORAC values. Both activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD, and ascorbate peroxidase, APX) were elevated under drought conditions. RNA-seq analysis revealed 33 upregulated and 115 downregulated differentially expressed genes, and 40 gene ontology enrichment categories. A <i>dehydrin</i> gene was the most significant among the upregulated genes in response to drought stress. Dehydrin protects plant cells from dryness through multiple functions, such as radical scavenging and protection of enzymes. Real-time PCR validated the substantial increase in some <i>dehydrin</i> paralogs with root desiccation. In conclusion, the enhancement of antioxidant levels by drought stress is likely not due to the induction of antioxidant enzyme genes, but due to increased enzymic activities. These activities might be protected by dehydrins encoded by the upregulated paralogs under drought stress.Ryohei KoyamaAika YoshimotoMisaki IshibashiHiromichi ItohYuichi UnoMDPI AGarticleascorbate peroxidasedehydrinoxygen radical absorbance capacityplant factoriesrhizosphereRNA-seqPlant cultureSB1-1110ENHorticulturae, Vol 7, Iss 444, p 444 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ascorbate peroxidase dehydrin oxygen radical absorbance capacity plant factories rhizosphere RNA-seq Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	ascorbate peroxidase dehydrin oxygen radical absorbance capacity plant factories rhizosphere RNA-seq Plant culture SB1-1110 Ryohei Koyama Aika Yoshimoto Misaki Ishibashi Hiromichi Itoh Yuichi Uno Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce
description	Efficient cultivation methods were investigated to promote the branding of products in plant factories. Moderate stress can enhance plant constituents that are beneficial for human health, without reducing yield. Dehydration stress in lettuce rhizospheres increased some antioxidants, including L-ascorbic acid (AsA) and polyphenols. In this study, the major factors contributing to the augmentation of antioxidant constituents were investigated. The drought treatment resulted in increased hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values but not hydrophobic ORAC values. Both activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD, and ascorbate peroxidase, APX) were elevated under drought conditions. RNA-seq analysis revealed 33 upregulated and 115 downregulated differentially expressed genes, and 40 gene ontology enrichment categories. A <i>dehydrin</i> gene was the most significant among the upregulated genes in response to drought stress. Dehydrin protects plant cells from dryness through multiple functions, such as radical scavenging and protection of enzymes. Real-time PCR validated the substantial increase in some <i>dehydrin</i> paralogs with root desiccation. In conclusion, the enhancement of antioxidant levels by drought stress is likely not due to the induction of antioxidant enzyme genes, but due to increased enzymic activities. These activities might be protected by dehydrins encoded by the upregulated paralogs under drought stress.
format	article
author	Ryohei Koyama Aika Yoshimoto Misaki Ishibashi Hiromichi Itoh Yuichi Uno
author_facet	Ryohei Koyama Aika Yoshimoto Misaki Ishibashi Hiromichi Itoh Yuichi Uno
author_sort	Ryohei Koyama
title	Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce
title_short	Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce
title_full	Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce
title_fullStr	Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce
title_full_unstemmed	Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce
title_sort	enzymatic activities and gene transcript levels associated with the augmentation of antioxidant constituents during drought stress in lettuce
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d104285fb8b743eaa4c4729a6c97269d
work_keys_str_mv	AT ryoheikoyama enzymaticactivitiesandgenetranscriptlevelsassociatedwiththeaugmentationofantioxidantconstituentsduringdroughtstressinlettuce AT aikayoshimoto enzymaticactivitiesandgenetranscriptlevelsassociatedwiththeaugmentationofantioxidantconstituentsduringdroughtstressinlettuce AT misakiishibashi enzymaticactivitiesandgenetranscriptlevelsassociatedwiththeaugmentationofantioxidantconstituentsduringdroughtstressinlettuce AT hiromichiitoh enzymaticactivitiesandgenetranscriptlevelsassociatedwiththeaugmentationofantioxidantconstituentsduringdroughtstressinlettuce AT yuichiuno enzymaticactivitiesandgenetranscriptlevelsassociatedwiththeaugmentationofantioxidantconstituentsduringdroughtstressinlettuce
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Enzymatic Activities and Gene Transcript Levels Associated with the Augmentation of Antioxidant Constituents during Drought Stress in Lettuce

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