<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales

We describe a new small-bodied coelophysoid theropod dinosaur, Pendraig milnerae gen. et sp. nov, from the Late Triassic fissure fill deposits of Pant-y-ffynnon in southern Wales. The species is represented by the holotype, consisting of an articulated pelvic girdle, sacrum and posterior dorsal vert...

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Autores principales:	Stephan N. F. Spiekman, Martín D. Ezcurra, Richard J. Butler, Nicholas C. Fraser, Susannah C. R. Maidment
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Royal Society 2021
Materias:	Pendraig Coelophysoidea Theropoda Triassic body size evolution osteology Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d116648ec01240f6a7845b39ab236bf1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d116648ec01240f6a7845b39ab236bf12021-11-10T09:51:26Z<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales10.1098/rsos.2109152054-5703https://doaj.org/article/d116648ec01240f6a7845b39ab236bf12021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.210915https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703We describe a new small-bodied coelophysoid theropod dinosaur, Pendraig milnerae gen. et sp. nov, from the Late Triassic fissure fill deposits of Pant-y-ffynnon in southern Wales. The species is represented by the holotype, consisting of an articulated pelvic girdle, sacrum and posterior dorsal vertebrae, and an associated left femur, and by two referred specimens, comprising an isolated dorsal vertebra and a partial left ischium. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers P. milnerae as a non-coelophysid coelophysoid theropod, representing the first-named unambiguous theropod from the Triassic of the UK. Recently, it has been suggested that Pant-y-ffynnon and other nearby Late Triassic to Early Jurassic fissure fill faunas might have been subjected to insular dwarfism. To test this hypothesis for P. milnerae, we performed an ancestral state reconstruction analysis of body size in early neotheropods. Although our results indicate that a reduced body size is autapomorphic for P. milnerae, some other coelophysoid taxa show a similar size reduction, and there is, therefore, ambiguous evidence to indicate that this species was subjected to dwarfism. Our analyses further indicate that, in contrast with averostran-line neotheropods, which increased in body size during the Triassic, coelophysoids underwent a small body size decrease early in their evolution.Stephan N. F. SpiekmanMartín D. EzcurraRichard J. ButlerNicholas C. FraserSusannah C. R. MaidmentThe Royal SocietyarticlePendraigCoelophysoideaTheropodaTriassicbody size evolutionosteologyScienceQENRoyal Society Open Science, Vol 8, Iss 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Pendraig Coelophysoidea Theropoda Triassic body size evolution osteology Science Q
spellingShingle	Pendraig Coelophysoidea Theropoda Triassic body size evolution osteology Science Q Stephan N. F. Spiekman Martín D. Ezcurra Richard J. Butler Nicholas C. Fraser Susannah C. R. Maidment <italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales
description	We describe a new small-bodied coelophysoid theropod dinosaur, Pendraig milnerae gen. et sp. nov, from the Late Triassic fissure fill deposits of Pant-y-ffynnon in southern Wales. The species is represented by the holotype, consisting of an articulated pelvic girdle, sacrum and posterior dorsal vertebrae, and an associated left femur, and by two referred specimens, comprising an isolated dorsal vertebra and a partial left ischium. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers P. milnerae as a non-coelophysid coelophysoid theropod, representing the first-named unambiguous theropod from the Triassic of the UK. Recently, it has been suggested that Pant-y-ffynnon and other nearby Late Triassic to Early Jurassic fissure fill faunas might have been subjected to insular dwarfism. To test this hypothesis for P. milnerae, we performed an ancestral state reconstruction analysis of body size in early neotheropods. Although our results indicate that a reduced body size is autapomorphic for P. milnerae, some other coelophysoid taxa show a similar size reduction, and there is, therefore, ambiguous evidence to indicate that this species was subjected to dwarfism. Our analyses further indicate that, in contrast with averostran-line neotheropods, which increased in body size during the Triassic, coelophysoids underwent a small body size decrease early in their evolution.
format	article
author	Stephan N. F. Spiekman Martín D. Ezcurra Richard J. Butler Nicholas C. Fraser Susannah C. R. Maidment
author_facet	Stephan N. F. Spiekman Martín D. Ezcurra Richard J. Butler Nicholas C. Fraser Susannah C. R. Maidment
author_sort	Stephan N. F. Spiekman
title	<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales
title_short	<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales
title_full	<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales
title_fullStr	<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales
title_full_unstemmed	<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales
title_sort	<italic toggle="yes">pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the late triassic of wales
publisher	The Royal Society
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d116648ec01240f6a7845b39ab236bf1
work_keys_str_mv	AT stephannfspiekman italictoggleyespendraigmilneraeitalicanewsmallsizedcoelophysoidtheropodfromthelatetriassicofwales AT martindezcurra italictoggleyespendraigmilneraeitalicanewsmallsizedcoelophysoidtheropodfromthelatetriassicofwales AT richardjbutler italictoggleyespendraigmilneraeitalicanewsmallsizedcoelophysoidtheropodfromthelatetriassicofwales AT nicholascfraser italictoggleyespendraigmilneraeitalicanewsmallsizedcoelophysoidtheropodfromthelatetriassicofwales AT susannahcrmaidment italictoggleyespendraigmilneraeitalicanewsmallsizedcoelophysoidtheropodfromthelatetriassicofwales
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<italic toggle="yes">Pendraig milnerae</italic>, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales

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