Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.

Plant mitochondrial genomes undergo frequent homologous recombination (HR). Ectopic HR activity is inhibited by the HR surveillance pathway, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that the mitochondrial RNase H1 AtRNH1B impairs the formation of RNA:DNA hybrids (R-loops) an...

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Autores principales:	Lingling Cheng, Wenjie Wang, Yao Yao, Qianwen Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d11a40ab17ae4930a2007b51b77f4a58
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d11a40ab17ae4930a2007b51b77f4a582021-12-02T19:54:41ZMitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.3001357https://doaj.org/article/d11a40ab17ae4930a2007b51b77f4a582021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001357https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Plant mitochondrial genomes undergo frequent homologous recombination (HR). Ectopic HR activity is inhibited by the HR surveillance pathway, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that the mitochondrial RNase H1 AtRNH1B impairs the formation of RNA:DNA hybrids (R-loops) and participates in the HR surveillance pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. AtRNH1B suppresses ectopic HR at intermediate-sized repeats (IRs) and thus maintains mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. The RNase H1 AtRNH1C is restricted to the chloroplast; however, when cells lack AtRNH1B, transport of chloroplast AtRNH1C into the mitochondria secures HR surveillance, thus ensuring the integrity of the mitochondrial genome and allowing embryogenesis to proceed. HR surveillance is further regulated by the single-stranded DNA-binding protein ORGANELLAR SINGLE-STRANDED DNA BINDING PROTEIN1 (OSB1), which decreases the formation of R-loops. This study uncovers a facultative dual targeting mechanism between organelles and sheds light on the roles of RNase H1 in organellar genome maintenance and embryogenesis.Lingling ChengWenjie WangYao YaoQianwen SunPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 19, Iss 8, p e3001357 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Lingling Cheng Wenjie Wang Yao Yao Qianwen Sun Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
description	Plant mitochondrial genomes undergo frequent homologous recombination (HR). Ectopic HR activity is inhibited by the HR surveillance pathway, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that the mitochondrial RNase H1 AtRNH1B impairs the formation of RNA:DNA hybrids (R-loops) and participates in the HR surveillance pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. AtRNH1B suppresses ectopic HR at intermediate-sized repeats (IRs) and thus maintains mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. The RNase H1 AtRNH1C is restricted to the chloroplast; however, when cells lack AtRNH1B, transport of chloroplast AtRNH1C into the mitochondria secures HR surveillance, thus ensuring the integrity of the mitochondrial genome and allowing embryogenesis to proceed. HR surveillance is further regulated by the single-stranded DNA-binding protein ORGANELLAR SINGLE-STRANDED DNA BINDING PROTEIN1 (OSB1), which decreases the formation of R-loops. This study uncovers a facultative dual targeting mechanism between organelles and sheds light on the roles of RNase H1 in organellar genome maintenance and embryogenesis.
format	article
author	Lingling Cheng Wenjie Wang Yao Yao Qianwen Sun
author_facet	Lingling Cheng Wenjie Wang Yao Yao Qianwen Sun
author_sort	Lingling Cheng
title	Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
title_short	Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
title_full	Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
title_fullStr	Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
title_full_unstemmed	Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
title_sort	mitochondrial rnase h1 activity regulates r-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in arabidopsis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d11a40ab17ae4930a2007b51b77f4a58
work_keys_str_mv	AT linglingcheng mitochondrialrnaseh1activityregulatesrloophomeostasistomaintaingenomeintegrityandenableearlyembryogenesisinarabidopsis AT wenjiewang mitochondrialrnaseh1activityregulatesrloophomeostasistomaintaingenomeintegrityandenableearlyembryogenesisinarabidopsis AT yaoyao mitochondrialrnaseh1activityregulatesrloophomeostasistomaintaingenomeintegrityandenableearlyembryogenesisinarabidopsis AT qianwensun mitochondrialrnaseh1activityregulatesrloophomeostasistomaintaingenomeintegrityandenableearlyembryogenesisinarabidopsis
_version_	1718375928975851520

Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.

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