Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.

Nature-based tourism has the potential to enhance global biodiversity conservation by providing alternative livelihood strategies for local people, which may alleviate poverty in and around protected areas. Despite the popularity of the concept of nature-based tourism as an integrated conservation a...

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Autores principales:	Wei Liu, Christine A Vogt, Junyan Luo, Guangming He, Kenneth A Frank, Jianguo Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d123ae5979cb4032a3c907542db5adba
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d123ae5979cb4032a3c907542db5adba2021-11-18T07:20:59ZDrivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0035420https://doaj.org/article/d123ae5979cb4032a3c907542db5adba2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22558149/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Nature-based tourism has the potential to enhance global biodiversity conservation by providing alternative livelihood strategies for local people, which may alleviate poverty in and around protected areas. Despite the popularity of the concept of nature-based tourism as an integrated conservation and development tool, empirical research on its actual socioeconomic benefits, on the distributional pattern of these benefits, and on its direct driving factors is lacking, because relevant long-term data are rarely available. In a multi-year study in Wolong Nature Reserve, China, we followed a representative sample of 220 local households from 1999 to 2007 to investigate the diverse benefits that these households received from recent development of nature-based tourism in the area. Within eight years, the number of households directly participating in tourism activities increased from nine to sixty. In addition, about two-thirds of the other households received indirect financial benefits from tourism. We constructed an empirical household economic model to identify the factors that led to household-level participation in tourism. The results reveal the effects of local households' livelihood assets (i.e., financial, human, natural, physical, and social capitals) on the likelihood to participate directly in tourism. In general, households with greater financial (e.g., income), physical (e.g., access to key tourism sites), human (e.g., education), and social (e.g., kinship with local government officials) capitals and less natural capital (e.g., cropland) were more likely to participate in tourism activities. We found that residents in households participating in tourism tended to perceive more non-financial benefits in addition to more negative environmental impacts of tourism compared with households not participating in tourism. These findings suggest that socioeconomic impact analysis and change monitoring should be included in nature-based tourism management systems for long-term sustainability of protected areas.Wei LiuChristine A VogtJunyan LuoGuangming HeKenneth A FrankJianguo LiuPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 4, p e35420 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wei Liu Christine A Vogt Junyan Luo Guangming He Kenneth A Frank Jianguo Liu Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
description	Nature-based tourism has the potential to enhance global biodiversity conservation by providing alternative livelihood strategies for local people, which may alleviate poverty in and around protected areas. Despite the popularity of the concept of nature-based tourism as an integrated conservation and development tool, empirical research on its actual socioeconomic benefits, on the distributional pattern of these benefits, and on its direct driving factors is lacking, because relevant long-term data are rarely available. In a multi-year study in Wolong Nature Reserve, China, we followed a representative sample of 220 local households from 1999 to 2007 to investigate the diverse benefits that these households received from recent development of nature-based tourism in the area. Within eight years, the number of households directly participating in tourism activities increased from nine to sixty. In addition, about two-thirds of the other households received indirect financial benefits from tourism. We constructed an empirical household economic model to identify the factors that led to household-level participation in tourism. The results reveal the effects of local households' livelihood assets (i.e., financial, human, natural, physical, and social capitals) on the likelihood to participate directly in tourism. In general, households with greater financial (e.g., income), physical (e.g., access to key tourism sites), human (e.g., education), and social (e.g., kinship with local government officials) capitals and less natural capital (e.g., cropland) were more likely to participate in tourism activities. We found that residents in households participating in tourism tended to perceive more non-financial benefits in addition to more negative environmental impacts of tourism compared with households not participating in tourism. These findings suggest that socioeconomic impact analysis and change monitoring should be included in nature-based tourism management systems for long-term sustainability of protected areas.
format	article
author	Wei Liu Christine A Vogt Junyan Luo Guangming He Kenneth A Frank Jianguo Liu
author_facet	Wei Liu Christine A Vogt Junyan Luo Guangming He Kenneth A Frank Jianguo Liu
author_sort	Wei Liu
title	Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
title_short	Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
title_full	Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
title_fullStr	Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
title_full_unstemmed	Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
title_sort	drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/d123ae5979cb4032a3c907542db5adba
work_keys_str_mv	AT weiliu driversandsocioeconomicimpactsoftourismparticipationinprotectedareas AT christineavogt driversandsocioeconomicimpactsoftourismparticipationinprotectedareas AT junyanluo driversandsocioeconomicimpactsoftourismparticipationinprotectedareas AT guangminghe driversandsocioeconomicimpactsoftourismparticipationinprotectedareas AT kennethafrank driversandsocioeconomicimpactsoftourismparticipationinprotectedareas AT jianguoliu driversandsocioeconomicimpactsoftourismparticipationinprotectedareas
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Drivers and socioeconomic impacts of tourism participation in protected areas.

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