Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf

Abstract Apex predators may affect mesopredators through intraguild predation and/or supply of carrion from their prey, causing a trade-off between avoidance and attractiveness. We used wildlife triangle snow-tracking data to investigate the abundance of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in relation to lynx (...

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Autores principales:	Camilla Wikenros, Malin Aronsson, Olof Liberg, Anders Jarnemo, Jessica Hansson, Märtha Wallgren, Håkan Sand, Roger Bergström
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d13e7bbe5622423a8e8eea5a758d9d6a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d13e7bbe5622423a8e8eea5a758d9d6a2021-12-02T12:30:25ZFear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf10.1038/s41598-017-08927-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d13e7bbe5622423a8e8eea5a758d9d6a2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08927-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Apex predators may affect mesopredators through intraguild predation and/or supply of carrion from their prey, causing a trade-off between avoidance and attractiveness. We used wildlife triangle snow-tracking data to investigate the abundance of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in relation to lynx (Lynx lynx) and wolf (Canis lupus) occurrence as well as land composition and vole (Microtus spp.) density. Data from the Swedish wolf-monitoring system and VHF/GPS-collared wolves were used to study the effect of wolf pack size and time since wolf territory establishment on fox abundance. Bottom-up processes were more influential than top-down effects as the proportion of arable land was the key indicator of fox abundance at the landscape level. At this spatial scale, there was no effect of wolf abundance on fox abundance, whereas lynx abundance had a positive effect. In contrast, at the wolf territory level there was a negative effect of wolves on fox abundance when including detailed information of pack size and time since territory establishment, whereas there was no effect of lynx abundance. This study shows that different apex predator species may affect mesopredator abundance in different ways and that the results may be dependent on the spatiotemporal scale and resolution of the data.Camilla WikenrosMalin AronssonOlof LibergAnders JarnemoJessica HanssonMärtha WallgrenHåkan SandRoger BergströmNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Camilla Wikenros Malin Aronsson Olof Liberg Anders Jarnemo Jessica Hansson Märtha Wallgren Håkan Sand Roger Bergström Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
description	Abstract Apex predators may affect mesopredators through intraguild predation and/or supply of carrion from their prey, causing a trade-off between avoidance and attractiveness. We used wildlife triangle snow-tracking data to investigate the abundance of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in relation to lynx (Lynx lynx) and wolf (Canis lupus) occurrence as well as land composition and vole (Microtus spp.) density. Data from the Swedish wolf-monitoring system and VHF/GPS-collared wolves were used to study the effect of wolf pack size and time since wolf territory establishment on fox abundance. Bottom-up processes were more influential than top-down effects as the proportion of arable land was the key indicator of fox abundance at the landscape level. At this spatial scale, there was no effect of wolf abundance on fox abundance, whereas lynx abundance had a positive effect. In contrast, at the wolf territory level there was a negative effect of wolves on fox abundance when including detailed information of pack size and time since territory establishment, whereas there was no effect of lynx abundance. This study shows that different apex predator species may affect mesopredator abundance in different ways and that the results may be dependent on the spatiotemporal scale and resolution of the data.
format	article
author	Camilla Wikenros Malin Aronsson Olof Liberg Anders Jarnemo Jessica Hansson Märtha Wallgren Håkan Sand Roger Bergström
author_facet	Camilla Wikenros Malin Aronsson Olof Liberg Anders Jarnemo Jessica Hansson Märtha Wallgren Håkan Sand Roger Bergström
author_sort	Camilla Wikenros
title	Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
title_short	Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
title_full	Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
title_fullStr	Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
title_full_unstemmed	Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
title_sort	fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/d13e7bbe5622423a8e8eea5a758d9d6a
work_keys_str_mv	AT camillawikenros fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT malinaronsson fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT olofliberg fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT andersjarnemo fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT jessicahansson fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT marthawallgren fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT hakansand fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf AT rogerbergstrom fearorfoodabundanceofredfoxinrelationtooccurrenceoflynxandwolf
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Fear or food – abundance of red fox in relation to occurrence of lynx and wolf

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