Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas

Introduction Urothelial carcinomas are the most common types of bladder tumors that have recently shown a changing trend in treatment protocols with the introduction and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The most important immune checkpoint lies with the PD-1–PD-L1 axis. Although multiple dr...

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Autores principales:	Utpal Kumar, Michael Leonard Anthony, Rishabh Sahai, Ankur Mittal, Prashant Durgapal, Sanjeev Kishore
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2021
Materias:	immune checkpoint inhibitors pd-1 pd-l1 urothelial carcinoma Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d188599fd7a040b39142cd9741298b72
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d188599fd7a040b39142cd9741298b722021-11-10T23:57:22ZImmunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas0974-27270974-782610.1055/s-0041-1736480https://doaj.org/article/d188599fd7a040b39142cd9741298b722021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0041-1736480https://doaj.org/toc/0974-2727https://doaj.org/toc/0974-7826Introduction Urothelial carcinomas are the most common types of bladder tumors that have recently shown a changing trend in treatment protocols with the introduction and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The most important immune checkpoint lies with the PD-1–PD-L1 axis. Although multiple drugs have been approved, there is uncertainty about patient selection criteria and diagnostic assays. Recent studies related to the laboratory-developed tests have opened up the horizon of PD-1 and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry even at resource-constrained laboratories. We propose to study these immunohistochemistry markers in our laboratory using newer clones. Materials and Methods We selected 116 consecutive cases of transurethral bladder tumor resection from our laboratory archive and applied PD-1 and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry. The study was approved by the institution's ethics committee. Results We found high expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in urothelial carcinoma even with different cut-offs of PD-L1. Muscle invasion, lamina invasion, and grade of carcinoma had a statistically significant effect on the expression; however, age and sex did not affect the expression. Conclusion Based on our current study, we can conclude that the clones used in our study show high expression in urothelial carcinoma and can aid in patient selection and treatment protocol, irrespective of age and sex.Utpal KumarMichael Leonard AnthonyRishabh SahaiAnkur MittalPrashant DurgapalSanjeev KishoreThieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.articleimmune checkpoint inhibitorspd-1pd-l1urothelial carcinomaMedicineRENJournal of Laboratory Physicians (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	immune checkpoint inhibitors pd-1 pd-l1 urothelial carcinoma Medicine R
spellingShingle	immune checkpoint inhibitors pd-1 pd-l1 urothelial carcinoma Medicine R Utpal Kumar Michael Leonard Anthony Rishabh Sahai Ankur Mittal Prashant Durgapal Sanjeev Kishore Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas
description	Introduction Urothelial carcinomas are the most common types of bladder tumors that have recently shown a changing trend in treatment protocols with the introduction and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The most important immune checkpoint lies with the PD-1–PD-L1 axis. Although multiple drugs have been approved, there is uncertainty about patient selection criteria and diagnostic assays. Recent studies related to the laboratory-developed tests have opened up the horizon of PD-1 and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry even at resource-constrained laboratories. We propose to study these immunohistochemistry markers in our laboratory using newer clones. Materials and Methods We selected 116 consecutive cases of transurethral bladder tumor resection from our laboratory archive and applied PD-1 and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry. The study was approved by the institution's ethics committee. Results We found high expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in urothelial carcinoma even with different cut-offs of PD-L1. Muscle invasion, lamina invasion, and grade of carcinoma had a statistically significant effect on the expression; however, age and sex did not affect the expression. Conclusion Based on our current study, we can conclude that the clones used in our study show high expression in urothelial carcinoma and can aid in patient selection and treatment protocol, irrespective of age and sex.
format	article
author	Utpal Kumar Michael Leonard Anthony Rishabh Sahai Ankur Mittal Prashant Durgapal Sanjeev Kishore
author_facet	Utpal Kumar Michael Leonard Anthony Rishabh Sahai Ankur Mittal Prashant Durgapal Sanjeev Kishore
author_sort	Utpal Kumar
title	Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas
title_short	Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas
title_full	Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas
title_fullStr	Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas
title_full_unstemmed	Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas
title_sort	immunoexpression of pd-l1 and pd-1 and its clinicopathological correlation in urothelial carcinomas
publisher	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d188599fd7a040b39142cd9741298b72
work_keys_str_mv	AT utpalkumar immunoexpressionofpdl1andpd1anditsclinicopathologicalcorrelationinurothelialcarcinomas AT michaelleonardanthony immunoexpressionofpdl1andpd1anditsclinicopathologicalcorrelationinurothelialcarcinomas AT rishabhsahai immunoexpressionofpdl1andpd1anditsclinicopathologicalcorrelationinurothelialcarcinomas AT ankurmittal immunoexpressionofpdl1andpd1anditsclinicopathologicalcorrelationinurothelialcarcinomas AT prashantdurgapal immunoexpressionofpdl1andpd1anditsclinicopathologicalcorrelationinurothelialcarcinomas AT sanjeevkishore immunoexpressionofpdl1andpd1anditsclinicopathologicalcorrelationinurothelialcarcinomas
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Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas

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