Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo

Air pollution is a major cause of premature death in Greater Cairo, but studies on emission control are limited. We used local and international data to predict the impact of transport emission control measures on sector parameters including congestion. The International Vehicle Emission model accor...

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Autores principales:	Rana Alaa Abbass, Prashant Kumar, Ahmed El-Gendy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	greater Cairo transport emissions emission control scenarios IVE model Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d1e9e63aaf194195b3e2c3c149f8bc03
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d1e9e63aaf194195b3e2c3c149f8bc032021-11-25T19:08:04ZEmissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo10.3390/toxics91102852305-6304https://doaj.org/article/d1e9e63aaf194195b3e2c3c149f8bc032021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/285https://doaj.org/toc/2305-6304Air pollution is a major cause of premature death in Greater Cairo, but studies on emission control are limited. We used local and international data to predict the impact of transport emission control measures on sector parameters including congestion. The International Vehicle Emission model accordingly estimated quantities of criteria, toxic and global warming emissions produced by on-road vehicles. Emissions were estimated for 2019 base case (2019-BC) and projected for 2030 under the ‘do nothing’ scenario (2030-DNS) and five scenarios: fuel subsidy removal (2030-FSR), road expansions (2030-RE), public transport improvements (2030-PTI), inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs (2030-I/MP), and fuel enhancements (2030-FE). The 2030-FSR would reduce emissions by 11.2% versus 2030-DNS. The 2030-RE resulted in an average increase of 37% in emissions compared with 2030-DNS since it induces more traffic. The 2030-PTI provides alternatives to car travel; hence, cars result in an average drop of 32.8% for all emission types compared with 2030-DNS. The 2030-I/MP exhibited reductions in PM<sub>10</sub> and toxic pollutants, of 35–54.8% compared with 2030-DNS. The 2030-FE reduced SO<sub>x</sub>, benzene and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by 91.8%, 81% and 39.1%, respectively, compared with 2030-DNS. The 2030-I/MP is most effective in reducing health damaging pollutants while 2030-PTI positively impacts commuters’ lifestyle.Rana Alaa AbbassPrashant KumarAhmed El-GendyMDPI AGarticlegreater Cairotransport emissionsemission control scenariosIVE modelChemical technologyTP1-1185ENToxics, Vol 9, Iss 285, p 285 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	greater Cairo transport emissions emission control scenarios IVE model Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	greater Cairo transport emissions emission control scenarios IVE model Chemical technology TP1-1185 Rana Alaa Abbass Prashant Kumar Ahmed El-Gendy Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo
description	Air pollution is a major cause of premature death in Greater Cairo, but studies on emission control are limited. We used local and international data to predict the impact of transport emission control measures on sector parameters including congestion. The International Vehicle Emission model accordingly estimated quantities of criteria, toxic and global warming emissions produced by on-road vehicles. Emissions were estimated for 2019 base case (2019-BC) and projected for 2030 under the ‘do nothing’ scenario (2030-DNS) and five scenarios: fuel subsidy removal (2030-FSR), road expansions (2030-RE), public transport improvements (2030-PTI), inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs (2030-I/MP), and fuel enhancements (2030-FE). The 2030-FSR would reduce emissions by 11.2% versus 2030-DNS. The 2030-RE resulted in an average increase of 37% in emissions compared with 2030-DNS since it induces more traffic. The 2030-PTI provides alternatives to car travel; hence, cars result in an average drop of 32.8% for all emission types compared with 2030-DNS. The 2030-I/MP exhibited reductions in PM<sub>10</sub> and toxic pollutants, of 35–54.8% compared with 2030-DNS. The 2030-FE reduced SO<sub>x</sub>, benzene and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by 91.8%, 81% and 39.1%, respectively, compared with 2030-DNS. The 2030-I/MP is most effective in reducing health damaging pollutants while 2030-PTI positively impacts commuters’ lifestyle.
format	article
author	Rana Alaa Abbass Prashant Kumar Ahmed El-Gendy
author_facet	Rana Alaa Abbass Prashant Kumar Ahmed El-Gendy
author_sort	Rana Alaa Abbass
title	Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo
title_short	Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo
title_full	Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo
title_fullStr	Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo
title_full_unstemmed	Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo
title_sort	emissions control scenarios for transport in greater cairo
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d1e9e63aaf194195b3e2c3c149f8bc03
work_keys_str_mv	AT ranaalaaabbass emissionscontrolscenariosfortransportingreatercairo AT prashantkumar emissionscontrolscenariosfortransportingreatercairo AT ahmedelgendy emissionscontrolscenariosfortransportingreatercairo
_version_	1718410306208661504

Emissions Control Scenarios for Transport in Greater Cairo

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