Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species

Abstract Increasing fishing effort, including bycatch and discard practices, are impacting marine biodiversity, particularly among slow-to-reproduce taxa such as elasmobranchs, and specifically sharks. While some fisheries involving sharks are sustainably managed, collateral mortalities continue, co...

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Autores principales:	Mark de Bruyn, Matteo Barbato, Joseph D. DiBattista, Matt K. Broadhurst
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d1eb1307b98d437aa12ba6cd6bf512e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d1eb1307b98d437aa12ba6cd6bf512e32021-12-02T18:33:51ZSecondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species10.1038/s41598-021-96856-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d1eb1307b98d437aa12ba6cd6bf512e32021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96856-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Increasing fishing effort, including bycatch and discard practices, are impacting marine biodiversity, particularly among slow-to-reproduce taxa such as elasmobranchs, and specifically sharks. While some fisheries involving sharks are sustainably managed, collateral mortalities continue, contributing towards > 35% of species being threatened with extinction. To effectively manage shark stocks, life-history information, including resource use and feeding ecologies is pivotal, especially among those species with wide-ranging distributions. Two cosmopolitan sharks bycaught off eastern Australia are the common blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus; globally classified as Near Threatened) and great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran; Critically Endangered). We opportunistically sampled the digestive tracts of these two species (and also any whole prey; termed the ‘Russian-doll’ approach), caught in bather-protection gillnets off northern New South Wales, to investigate the capacity for DNA metabarcoding to simultaneously determine predator and prey regional feeding ecologies. While sample sizes were small, S. mokkaran fed predominantly on stingrays and skates (Myliobatiformes and Rajiformes), but also teleosts, while C. limbatus mostly consumed teleosts. Metabarcoding assays showed extensive intermixing of taxa from the digestive tracts of predators and their whole prey, likely via the predator’s stomach chyme, negating the opportunity to distinguish between primary and secondary predation. This Russian-doll effect requires further investigation in DNA metabarcoding studies focussing on dietary preferences and implies that any outcomes will need to be interpreted concomitant with traditional visual approaches.Mark de BruynMatteo BarbatoJoseph D. DiBattistaMatt K. BroadhurstNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mark de Bruyn Matteo Barbato Joseph D. DiBattista Matt K. Broadhurst Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
description	Abstract Increasing fishing effort, including bycatch and discard practices, are impacting marine biodiversity, particularly among slow-to-reproduce taxa such as elasmobranchs, and specifically sharks. While some fisheries involving sharks are sustainably managed, collateral mortalities continue, contributing towards > 35% of species being threatened with extinction. To effectively manage shark stocks, life-history information, including resource use and feeding ecologies is pivotal, especially among those species with wide-ranging distributions. Two cosmopolitan sharks bycaught off eastern Australia are the common blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus; globally classified as Near Threatened) and great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran; Critically Endangered). We opportunistically sampled the digestive tracts of these two species (and also any whole prey; termed the ‘Russian-doll’ approach), caught in bather-protection gillnets off northern New South Wales, to investigate the capacity for DNA metabarcoding to simultaneously determine predator and prey regional feeding ecologies. While sample sizes were small, S. mokkaran fed predominantly on stingrays and skates (Myliobatiformes and Rajiformes), but also teleosts, while C. limbatus mostly consumed teleosts. Metabarcoding assays showed extensive intermixing of taxa from the digestive tracts of predators and their whole prey, likely via the predator’s stomach chyme, negating the opportunity to distinguish between primary and secondary predation. This Russian-doll effect requires further investigation in DNA metabarcoding studies focussing on dietary preferences and implies that any outcomes will need to be interpreted concomitant with traditional visual approaches.
format	article
author	Mark de Bruyn Matteo Barbato Joseph D. DiBattista Matt K. Broadhurst
author_facet	Mark de Bruyn Matteo Barbato Joseph D. DiBattista Matt K. Broadhurst
author_sort	Mark de Bruyn
title	Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
title_short	Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
title_full	Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
title_fullStr	Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
title_full_unstemmed	Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
title_sort	secondary predation constrains dna-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d1eb1307b98d437aa12ba6cd6bf512e3
work_keys_str_mv	AT markdebruyn secondarypredationconstrainsdnabaseddietreconstructionintwothreatenedsharkspecies AT matteobarbato secondarypredationconstrainsdnabaseddietreconstructionintwothreatenedsharkspecies AT josephddibattista secondarypredationconstrainsdnabaseddietreconstructionintwothreatenedsharkspecies AT mattkbroadhurst secondarypredationconstrainsdnabaseddietreconstructionintwothreatenedsharkspecies
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Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species

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