Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations
Host genomic information, specifically genomic variations, may characterize susceptibility to disease and identify people with a higher risk of harm, leading to better targeting of care and vaccination. Italy was the epicentre for the spread of COVID-19 in Europe, the first country to go into a nati...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:d1ec6e900d6b4bbb829743697b312d8c2021-11-25T17:42:36ZPoking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations10.3390/genes121118422073-4425https://doaj.org/article/d1ec6e900d6b4bbb829743697b312d8c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1842https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Host genomic information, specifically genomic variations, may characterize susceptibility to disease and identify people with a higher risk of harm, leading to better targeting of care and vaccination. Italy was the epicentre for the spread of COVID-19 in Europe, the first country to go into a national lockdown and has one of the highest COVID-19 associated mortality rates. Qatar, on the other hand has a very low mortality rate. In this study, we compared whole-genome sequencing data of 14398 adults and Qatari-national to 925 Italian individuals. We also included in the comparison whole-exome sequence data from 189 Italian laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. We focused our study on a curated list of 3619 candidate genes involved in innate immunity and host-pathogen interaction. Two population-gene metric scores, the Delta Singleton-Cohort variant score (DSC) and Sum Singleton-Cohort variant score (SSC), were applied to estimate the presence of selective constraints in the Qatari population and in the Italian cohorts. Results based on DSC and SSC metrics demonstrated a different selective pressure on three genes (MUC5AC, ABCA7, FLNA) between Qatari and Italian populations. This study highlighted the genetic differences between Qatari and Italian populations and identified a subset of genes involved in innate immunity and host-pathogen interaction.Hamdi MbarekMassimiliano CoccaYasser Al-SarrajChadi SaadMassimo MezzavillaWadha AlMuftahDario CocciadiferroAntonio NovelliIsabella QuintiAzza AlTawashiSalvino SalvaggioAsma AlThaniGiuseppe NovelliSaid I. IsmailMDPI AGarticleCOVID-19population geneticsgenetic constraintsCOVID-19 severityGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1842, p 1842 (2021) |
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COVID-19 population genetics genetic constraints COVID-19 severity Genetics QH426-470 |
| spellingShingle |
COVID-19 population genetics genetic constraints COVID-19 severity Genetics QH426-470 Hamdi Mbarek Massimiliano Cocca Yasser Al-Sarraj Chadi Saad Massimo Mezzavilla Wadha AlMuftah Dario Cocciadiferro Antonio Novelli Isabella Quinti Azza AlTawashi Salvino Salvaggio Asma AlThani Giuseppe Novelli Said I. Ismail Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations |
| description |
Host genomic information, specifically genomic variations, may characterize susceptibility to disease and identify people with a higher risk of harm, leading to better targeting of care and vaccination. Italy was the epicentre for the spread of COVID-19 in Europe, the first country to go into a national lockdown and has one of the highest COVID-19 associated mortality rates. Qatar, on the other hand has a very low mortality rate. In this study, we compared whole-genome sequencing data of 14398 adults and Qatari-national to 925 Italian individuals. We also included in the comparison whole-exome sequence data from 189 Italian laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. We focused our study on a curated list of 3619 candidate genes involved in innate immunity and host-pathogen interaction. Two population-gene metric scores, the Delta Singleton-Cohort variant score (DSC) and Sum Singleton-Cohort variant score (SSC), were applied to estimate the presence of selective constraints in the Qatari population and in the Italian cohorts. Results based on DSC and SSC metrics demonstrated a different selective pressure on three genes (MUC5AC, ABCA7, FLNA) between Qatari and Italian populations. This study highlighted the genetic differences between Qatari and Italian populations and identified a subset of genes involved in innate immunity and host-pathogen interaction. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Hamdi Mbarek Massimiliano Cocca Yasser Al-Sarraj Chadi Saad Massimo Mezzavilla Wadha AlMuftah Dario Cocciadiferro Antonio Novelli Isabella Quinti Azza AlTawashi Salvino Salvaggio Asma AlThani Giuseppe Novelli Said I. Ismail |
| author_facet |
Hamdi Mbarek Massimiliano Cocca Yasser Al-Sarraj Chadi Saad Massimo Mezzavilla Wadha AlMuftah Dario Cocciadiferro Antonio Novelli Isabella Quinti Azza AlTawashi Salvino Salvaggio Asma AlThani Giuseppe Novelli Said I. Ismail |
| author_sort |
Hamdi Mbarek |
| title |
Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations |
| title_short |
Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations |
| title_full |
Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations |
| title_fullStr |
Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Poking COVID-19: Insights on Genomic Constraints among Immune-Related Genes between Qatari and Italian Populations |
| title_sort |
poking covid-19: insights on genomic constraints among immune-related genes between qatari and italian populations |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/d1ec6e900d6b4bbb829743697b312d8c |
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