Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.

We investigated whether insulin signaling, known to mediate physiological plasticity in response to changes in nutrition, also facilitates discrete phenotypic responses such as polyphenisms. We test the hypothesis that the gene FOXO--which regulates growth arrest under nutrient stress--mediates a nu...

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Autores principales:	Emilie C Snell-Rood, Armin P Moczek
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d289ff7f118c4458857bc5a8a5d7af4c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d289ff7f118c4458857bc5a8a5d7af4c2021-11-18T07:22:15ZInsulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0034857https://doaj.org/article/d289ff7f118c4458857bc5a8a5d7af4c2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22514679/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203We investigated whether insulin signaling, known to mediate physiological plasticity in response to changes in nutrition, also facilitates discrete phenotypic responses such as polyphenisms. We test the hypothesis that the gene FOXO--which regulates growth arrest under nutrient stress--mediates a nutritional polyphenism in the horned beetle, Onthophagus nigriventris. Male beetles in the genus Onthophagus vary their mating strategy with body size: large males express horns and fight for access to females while small males invest heavily in genitalia and sneak copulations with females. Given that body size and larval nutrition are linked, we predicted that 1) FOXO expression would differentially scale with body size (nutritional status) between males and females, and 2) manipulation of FOXO expression would affect the nutritional polyphenism in horns and genitalia. First, we found that FOXO expression varied with body size in a tissue- and sex-specific manner, being more highly expressed in the abdominal tissue of large (horned) males, in particular in regions associated with genitalia development. Second, we found that knockdown of FOXO through RNA-interference resulted in the growth of relatively larger copulatory organs compared to control-injected individuals and significant, albeit modest, increases in relative horn length. Our results support the hypothesis that FOXO expression in the abdominal tissue limits genitalia growth, and provides limited support for the hypothesis that FOXO regulates relative horn length through direct suppression of horn growth. Both results support the idea that tissue-specific FOXO expression may play a general role in regulating scaling relationships in nutritional polyphenisms by signaling traits to be relatively smaller.Emilie C Snell-RoodArmin P MoczekPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 4, p e34857 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Emilie C Snell-Rood Armin P Moczek Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
description	We investigated whether insulin signaling, known to mediate physiological plasticity in response to changes in nutrition, also facilitates discrete phenotypic responses such as polyphenisms. We test the hypothesis that the gene FOXO--which regulates growth arrest under nutrient stress--mediates a nutritional polyphenism in the horned beetle, Onthophagus nigriventris. Male beetles in the genus Onthophagus vary their mating strategy with body size: large males express horns and fight for access to females while small males invest heavily in genitalia and sneak copulations with females. Given that body size and larval nutrition are linked, we predicted that 1) FOXO expression would differentially scale with body size (nutritional status) between males and females, and 2) manipulation of FOXO expression would affect the nutritional polyphenism in horns and genitalia. First, we found that FOXO expression varied with body size in a tissue- and sex-specific manner, being more highly expressed in the abdominal tissue of large (horned) males, in particular in regions associated with genitalia development. Second, we found that knockdown of FOXO through RNA-interference resulted in the growth of relatively larger copulatory organs compared to control-injected individuals and significant, albeit modest, increases in relative horn length. Our results support the hypothesis that FOXO expression in the abdominal tissue limits genitalia growth, and provides limited support for the hypothesis that FOXO regulates relative horn length through direct suppression of horn growth. Both results support the idea that tissue-specific FOXO expression may play a general role in regulating scaling relationships in nutritional polyphenisms by signaling traits to be relatively smaller.
format	article
author	Emilie C Snell-Rood Armin P Moczek
author_facet	Emilie C Snell-Rood Armin P Moczek
author_sort	Emilie C Snell-Rood
title	Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
title_short	Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
title_full	Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
title_fullStr	Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
title_full_unstemmed	Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
title_sort	insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of foxo in a nutritional polyphenism.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/d289ff7f118c4458857bc5a8a5d7af4c
work_keys_str_mv	AT emiliecsnellrood insulinsignalingasamechanismunderlyingdevelopmentalplasticitytheroleoffoxoinanutritionalpolyphenism AT arminpmoczek insulinsignalingasamechanismunderlyingdevelopmentalplasticitytheroleoffoxoinanutritionalpolyphenism
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Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.

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