Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming

Abstract The fast swimming speed, flexible cornering, and high propulsion efficiency of diving beetles are primarily achieved by their two powerful hind legs. Unlike other aquatic organisms, such as turtle, jellyfish, fish and frog et al., the diving beetle could complete retreating motion without t...

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Autores principales:	Debo Qi, Chengchun Zhang, Jingwei He, Yongli Yue, Jing Wang, Dunhui Xiao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d2bec055c2d343cca6014ba4c5e9399c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d2bec055c2d343cca6014ba4c5e9399c2021-12-02T18:51:41ZObservation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming10.1038/s41598-021-96158-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d2bec055c2d343cca6014ba4c5e9399c2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96158-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The fast swimming speed, flexible cornering, and high propulsion efficiency of diving beetles are primarily achieved by their two powerful hind legs. Unlike other aquatic organisms, such as turtle, jellyfish, fish and frog et al., the diving beetle could complete retreating motion without turning around, and the turning radius is small for this kind of propulsion mode. However, most bionic vehicles have not contained these advantages, the study about this propulsion method is useful for the design of bionic robots. In this paper, the swimming videos of the diving beetle, including forwarding, turning and retreating, were captured by two synchronized high-speed cameras, and were analyzed via SIMI Motion. The analysis results revealed that the swimming speed initially increased quickly to a maximum at 60% of the power stroke, and then decreased. During the power stroke, the diving beetle stretched its tibias and tarsi, the bristles on both sides of which were shaped like paddles, to maximize the cross-sectional areas against the water to achieve the maximum thrust. During the recovery stroke, the diving beetle rotated its tarsi and folded the bristles to minimize the cross-sectional areas to reduce the drag force. For one turning motion (turn right about 90 degrees), it takes only one motion cycle for the diving beetle to complete it. During the retreating motion, the average acceleration was close to 9.8 m/s2 in the first 25 ms. Finally, based on the diving beetle's hind-leg movement pattern, a kinematic model was constructed, and according to this model and the motion data of the joint angles, the motion trajectories of the hind legs were obtained by using MATLAB. Since the advantages of this propulsion method, it may become a new bionic propulsion method, and the motion data and kinematic model of the hind legs will be helpful in the design of bionic underwater unmanned vehicles.Debo QiChengchun ZhangJingwei HeYongli YueJing WangDunhui XiaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Debo Qi Chengchun Zhang Jingwei He Yongli Yue Jing Wang Dunhui Xiao Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
description	Abstract The fast swimming speed, flexible cornering, and high propulsion efficiency of diving beetles are primarily achieved by their two powerful hind legs. Unlike other aquatic organisms, such as turtle, jellyfish, fish and frog et al., the diving beetle could complete retreating motion without turning around, and the turning radius is small for this kind of propulsion mode. However, most bionic vehicles have not contained these advantages, the study about this propulsion method is useful for the design of bionic robots. In this paper, the swimming videos of the diving beetle, including forwarding, turning and retreating, were captured by two synchronized high-speed cameras, and were analyzed via SIMI Motion. The analysis results revealed that the swimming speed initially increased quickly to a maximum at 60% of the power stroke, and then decreased. During the power stroke, the diving beetle stretched its tibias and tarsi, the bristles on both sides of which were shaped like paddles, to maximize the cross-sectional areas against the water to achieve the maximum thrust. During the recovery stroke, the diving beetle rotated its tarsi and folded the bristles to minimize the cross-sectional areas to reduce the drag force. For one turning motion (turn right about 90 degrees), it takes only one motion cycle for the diving beetle to complete it. During the retreating motion, the average acceleration was close to 9.8 m/s2 in the first 25 ms. Finally, based on the diving beetle's hind-leg movement pattern, a kinematic model was constructed, and according to this model and the motion data of the joint angles, the motion trajectories of the hind legs were obtained by using MATLAB. Since the advantages of this propulsion method, it may become a new bionic propulsion method, and the motion data and kinematic model of the hind legs will be helpful in the design of bionic underwater unmanned vehicles.
format	article
author	Debo Qi Chengchun Zhang Jingwei He Yongli Yue Jing Wang Dunhui Xiao
author_facet	Debo Qi Chengchun Zhang Jingwei He Yongli Yue Jing Wang Dunhui Xiao
author_sort	Debo Qi
title	Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_short	Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_full	Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_fullStr	Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_full_unstemmed	Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_sort	observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d2bec055c2d343cca6014ba4c5e9399c
work_keys_str_mv	AT deboqi observationandanalysisofdivingbeetlemovementswhileswimming AT chengchunzhang observationandanalysisofdivingbeetlemovementswhileswimming AT jingweihe observationandanalysisofdivingbeetlemovementswhileswimming AT yongliyue observationandanalysisofdivingbeetlemovementswhileswimming AT jingwang observationandanalysisofdivingbeetlemovementswhileswimming AT dunhuixiao observationandanalysisofdivingbeetlemovementswhileswimming
_version_	1718377414282706944

Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming

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