Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective

Ivonne V Lollett,1 Anat Galor2,3 1University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 2Ophthalmology Department, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL, 3Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA Abstract: Dry eye (DE) is a...

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Autores principales:	Lollett IV, Galor A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	Lifitegrast SAR1118 dry eye syndrome inflammation Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d2c89b52e9374f50bb519291a3979aa2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d2c89b52e9374f50bb519291a3979aa22021-12-02T00:22:48ZDry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/d2c89b52e9374f50bb519291a3979aa22018-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/dry-eye-syndrome-developments-and-lifitegrast-in-perspective-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Ivonne V Lollett,1 Anat Galor2,3 1University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 2Ophthalmology Department, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL, 3Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA Abstract: Dry eye (DE) is a chronic ocular condition with high prevalence and morbidity. It has a complex pathophysiology and is multifactorial in nature. Chronic ocular surface inflammation has emerged as a key component of DE that is capable of perpetuating ocular surface damage and leading to symptoms of ocular pain, discomfort, and visual phenomena. It begins with stress to the ocular surface leading to the production of proinflammatory mediators that induce maturation of resident antigen-presenting cells which then migrate to the lymph nodes to activate CD4 T cells. The specific antigen(s) targeted by these pathogenic CD4+ T cells remains unknown. Two emerging theories include self-antigens by autoreactive CD4 T cells or harmless exogenous antigens in the setting of mucosal immunotolerance loss. These CD4 T cells migrate to the ocular surface causing additional inflammation and damage. Lifitegrast is the second topical anti-inflammatory agent to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of DE and the first to show improvement in DE symptoms. Lifitegrast works by blocking the interaction between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and lymphocyte functional associated antigen-1, which has been shown to be critical for the migration of antigen-presenting cells to the lymph nodes as well as CD4+ T cell activation and migration to the ocular surface. In four large multicenter, randomized controlled trials, lifitegrast has proven to be effective in controlling both the signs and symptoms of DE with minimal side effects. Further research should include comparative and combination studies with other anti-inflammatory therapies used for DE. Keywords: lifitegrast, SAR1118, dry eye syndrome, inflammation, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1Lollett IVGalor ADove Medical PressarticleLifitegrastSAR1118dry eye syndromeinflammationOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 12, Pp 125-139 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Lifitegrast SAR1118 dry eye syndrome inflammation Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Lifitegrast SAR1118 dry eye syndrome inflammation Ophthalmology RE1-994 Lollett IV Galor A Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
description	Ivonne V Lollett,1 Anat Galor2,3 1University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 2Ophthalmology Department, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL, 3Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA Abstract: Dry eye (DE) is a chronic ocular condition with high prevalence and morbidity. It has a complex pathophysiology and is multifactorial in nature. Chronic ocular surface inflammation has emerged as a key component of DE that is capable of perpetuating ocular surface damage and leading to symptoms of ocular pain, discomfort, and visual phenomena. It begins with stress to the ocular surface leading to the production of proinflammatory mediators that induce maturation of resident antigen-presenting cells which then migrate to the lymph nodes to activate CD4 T cells. The specific antigen(s) targeted by these pathogenic CD4+ T cells remains unknown. Two emerging theories include self-antigens by autoreactive CD4 T cells or harmless exogenous antigens in the setting of mucosal immunotolerance loss. These CD4 T cells migrate to the ocular surface causing additional inflammation and damage. Lifitegrast is the second topical anti-inflammatory agent to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of DE and the first to show improvement in DE symptoms. Lifitegrast works by blocking the interaction between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and lymphocyte functional associated antigen-1, which has been shown to be critical for the migration of antigen-presenting cells to the lymph nodes as well as CD4+ T cell activation and migration to the ocular surface. In four large multicenter, randomized controlled trials, lifitegrast has proven to be effective in controlling both the signs and symptoms of DE with minimal side effects. Further research should include comparative and combination studies with other anti-inflammatory therapies used for DE. Keywords: lifitegrast, SAR1118, dry eye syndrome, inflammation, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1
format	article
author	Lollett IV Galor A
author_facet	Lollett IV Galor A
author_sort	Lollett IV
title	Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
title_short	Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
title_full	Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
title_fullStr	Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
title_full_unstemmed	Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
title_sort	dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/d2c89b52e9374f50bb519291a3979aa2
work_keys_str_mv	AT lollettiv dryeyesyndromedevelopmentsandlifitegrastinperspective AT galora dryeyesyndromedevelopmentsandlifitegrastinperspective
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Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective

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