Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?

Jessica A Stanich1, John D Carter2, Judith Whittum-Hudson1, Alan P Hudson11Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; 2Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, US...

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Autores principales:	Jessica A Stanich, John D Carter, Judith Whittum-Hudson, et al
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2009
Materias:	Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d2efbda7196d44a5ab6f83f35c62930b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d2efbda7196d44a5ab6f83f35c62930b2021-12-02T06:11:37ZRheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?1179-156Xhttps://doaj.org/article/d2efbda7196d44a5ab6f83f35c62930b2009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/rheumatoid-arthritis-disease-or-syndrome-a3817https://doaj.org/toc/1179-156XJessica A Stanich1, John D Carter2, Judith Whittum-Hudson1, Alan P Hudson11Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; 2Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USAAbstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been described in the medical literature for over two hundred years, but its etiology remains unknown. RA displays phenotypic heterogeneity, and it is a relatively prevalent clinical entity: it affects approximately 1% of the population, resulting in enormous pathologic sequelae. Earlier studies targeting the cause(s) of RA suggested potential infectious involvement, whereas more recent reports have focused on a genetic origin of the disease. However, neither infection nor genetics, nor any other single factor is currently accepted as causative of RA. In this article we review studies relating to the etiology of RA, and those of several related matters, and we conclude that the literature indeed does provide insight into the causes underlying the initiation of RA pathogenesis. Briefly, given the remarkable phenotypic variation of RA, especially in its early stages, as well as a number of other characteristics of the condition, we contend that RA is not a discrete clinical entity with a single etiological source. Rather, we argue that it represents a common clinical endpoint for various starting points, each of which is largely guided by as yet poorly understood aspects of the genetic background of the affected individual. Adoption of this alternative view of the origin of RA will have significant consequences for future research and for development of new therapeutic interventions for this burdensome condition.Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis etiologic studies genetic background Jessica A StanichJohn D CarterJudith Whittum-Hudsonet alDove Medical PressarticleDiseases of the musculoskeletal systemRC925-935ENOpen Access Rheumatology: Research and Reviews, Vol 2009, Iss default, Pp 179-192 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
spellingShingle	Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935 Jessica A Stanich John D Carter Judith Whittum-Hudson et al Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?
description	Jessica A Stanich1, John D Carter2, Judith Whittum-Hudson1, Alan P Hudson11Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; 2Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USAAbstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been described in the medical literature for over two hundred years, but its etiology remains unknown. RA displays phenotypic heterogeneity, and it is a relatively prevalent clinical entity: it affects approximately 1% of the population, resulting in enormous pathologic sequelae. Earlier studies targeting the cause(s) of RA suggested potential infectious involvement, whereas more recent reports have focused on a genetic origin of the disease. However, neither infection nor genetics, nor any other single factor is currently accepted as causative of RA. In this article we review studies relating to the etiology of RA, and those of several related matters, and we conclude that the literature indeed does provide insight into the causes underlying the initiation of RA pathogenesis. Briefly, given the remarkable phenotypic variation of RA, especially in its early stages, as well as a number of other characteristics of the condition, we contend that RA is not a discrete clinical entity with a single etiological source. Rather, we argue that it represents a common clinical endpoint for various starting points, each of which is largely guided by as yet poorly understood aspects of the genetic background of the affected individual. Adoption of this alternative view of the origin of RA will have significant consequences for future research and for development of new therapeutic interventions for this burdensome condition.Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis etiologic studies genetic background
format	article
author	Jessica A Stanich John D Carter Judith Whittum-Hudson et al
author_facet	Jessica A Stanich John D Carter Judith Whittum-Hudson et al
author_sort	Jessica A Stanich
title	Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?
title_short	Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?
title_full	Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?
title_fullStr	Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?
title_full_unstemmed	Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?
title_sort	rheumatoid arthritis: disease or syndrome?
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/d2efbda7196d44a5ab6f83f35c62930b
work_keys_str_mv	AT jessicaastanich rheumatoidarthritisdiseaseorsyndrome AT johndcarter rheumatoidarthritisdiseaseorsyndrome AT judithwhittumhudson rheumatoidarthritisdiseaseorsyndrome AT etal rheumatoidarthritisdiseaseorsyndrome
_version_	1718400078297694208

Rheumatoid arthritis: Disease or syndrome?

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