Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Abstract Over half of the alpine meadows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are degraded due to human activities. Soil degradation from overgrazing is the most direct cause of grassland degradation. It is thus important to synthesize the effects of multiple soil degradation indicators on the belowgr...

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Autores principales:	Lin Dong, Jingjing Li, Juan Sun, Chao Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d2f7b0bdfde8483bb66eea803fd1d18a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d2f7b0bdfde8483bb66eea803fd1d18a2021-12-02T15:57:20ZSoil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau10.1038/s41598-021-91182-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d2f7b0bdfde8483bb66eea803fd1d18a2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91182-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Over half of the alpine meadows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are degraded due to human activities. Soil degradation from overgrazing is the most direct cause of grassland degradation. It is thus important to synthesize the effects of multiple soil degradation indicators on the belowground biomass of plants and soil microorganisms in the degraded QTP. We studied the diversities and structures of soil bacterial and fungal communities using soil bacterial 16S rRNA and the fungal ITS gene under four degradation gradients, D1: lightly degraded, D2: moderately degraded, D3: highly degraded, and a non-degraded control site (CK). The bacterial Shannon diversity in D3 was significantly lower than that in D1 (p < 0.001), and the bacterial richness index in D3 was significantly lower than that in D1 (p < 0.001). There was no difference in soil fungal diversity among the different degradation levels; however, soil fungal richness decreased significantly from CK to D3. The phyla Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and the genus Mortierella were differed significantly under the four degradation gradients. Plant litter mass and root C/N ratio were important factors associated with bacterial and fungal diversity and richness. These results indicated that alpine meadow degradation can lead to variations in both microbial diversity and the potential functioning of micro-organisms in the QTP.Lin DongJingjing LiJuan SunChao YangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lin Dong Jingjing Li Juan Sun Chao Yang Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
description	Abstract Over half of the alpine meadows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are degraded due to human activities. Soil degradation from overgrazing is the most direct cause of grassland degradation. It is thus important to synthesize the effects of multiple soil degradation indicators on the belowground biomass of plants and soil microorganisms in the degraded QTP. We studied the diversities and structures of soil bacterial and fungal communities using soil bacterial 16S rRNA and the fungal ITS gene under four degradation gradients, D1: lightly degraded, D2: moderately degraded, D3: highly degraded, and a non-degraded control site (CK). The bacterial Shannon diversity in D3 was significantly lower than that in D1 (p < 0.001), and the bacterial richness index in D3 was significantly lower than that in D1 (p < 0.001). There was no difference in soil fungal diversity among the different degradation levels; however, soil fungal richness decreased significantly from CK to D3. The phyla Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and the genus Mortierella were differed significantly under the four degradation gradients. Plant litter mass and root C/N ratio were important factors associated with bacterial and fungal diversity and richness. These results indicated that alpine meadow degradation can lead to variations in both microbial diversity and the potential functioning of micro-organisms in the QTP.
format	article
author	Lin Dong Jingjing Li Juan Sun Chao Yang
author_facet	Lin Dong Jingjing Li Juan Sun Chao Yang
author_sort	Lin Dong
title	Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
title_short	Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
title_full	Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
title_fullStr	Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
title_full_unstemmed	Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
title_sort	soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the qinghai-tibet plateau
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d2f7b0bdfde8483bb66eea803fd1d18a
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Soil degradation influences soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in overgrazed alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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