The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.

<h4>Background</h4>Survivors of physical and emotional trauma experience enduring occupational, psychological and quality of life impairments. Examining survivors from a large fire provides a unique opportunity to distinguish the impact of physical and emotional trauma on long-term outco...

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Autores principales:	Jeffrey C Schneider, Nhi-Ha T Trinh, Elizabeth Selleck, Felipe Fregni, Sara S Salles, Colleen M Ryan, Joel Stein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d303316b844e45f6b5c1f5fefd8451d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d303316b844e45f6b5c1f5fefd8451d12021-11-18T08:12:00ZThe long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0047339https://doaj.org/article/d303316b844e45f6b5c1f5fefd8451d12012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23077593/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Survivors of physical and emotional trauma experience enduring occupational, psychological and quality of life impairments. Examining survivors from a large fire provides a unique opportunity to distinguish the impact of physical and emotional trauma on long-term outcomes. The objective is to detail the multi-dimensional long-term effects of a large fire on its survivor population and assess differences in outcomes between survivors with and without physical injury.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>This is a survey-based cross-sectional study of survivors of The Station fire on February 20, 2003. The relationships between functional outcomes and physical injury were evaluated with multivariate regression models adjusted for pre-injury characteristics and post-injury outcomes. Outcome measures include quality of life (Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief), employment (time off work), post-traumatic stress symptoms (Impact of Event Scale-Revised) and depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). 104 fire survivors completed the survey; 47% experienced a burn injury. There was a 42% to 72% response rate range. Although depression and quality of life were associated with burn injury in univariate analyses (p<0.05), adjusted analyses showed no significant relationship between burn injury and these outcomes (p = 0.91; p = .51). Post-traumatic stress symptoms were not associated with burn injury in the univariate (p = 0.13) or adjusted analyses (p = 0.79). Time off work was the only outcome in which physical injury remained significant in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.03).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Survivors of this large fire experienced significant life disruption, including occupational, psychological and quality of life sequelae. The findings suggest that quality of life, depression and post-traumatic stress outcomes are related to emotional trauma, not physical injury. However, physical injury is correlated with employment outcomes. The long-term impact of this traumatic event underscores the importance of longitudinal and mental health care for trauma survivors, with attention to those with and without physical injuries.Jeffrey C SchneiderNhi-Ha T TrinhElizabeth SelleckFelipe FregniSara S SallesColleen M RyanJoel SteinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e47339 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jeffrey C Schneider Nhi-Ha T Trinh Elizabeth Selleck Felipe Fregni Sara S Salles Colleen M Ryan Joel Stein The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Survivors of physical and emotional trauma experience enduring occupational, psychological and quality of life impairments. Examining survivors from a large fire provides a unique opportunity to distinguish the impact of physical and emotional trauma on long-term outcomes. The objective is to detail the multi-dimensional long-term effects of a large fire on its survivor population and assess differences in outcomes between survivors with and without physical injury.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>This is a survey-based cross-sectional study of survivors of The Station fire on February 20, 2003. The relationships between functional outcomes and physical injury were evaluated with multivariate regression models adjusted for pre-injury characteristics and post-injury outcomes. Outcome measures include quality of life (Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief), employment (time off work), post-traumatic stress symptoms (Impact of Event Scale-Revised) and depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). 104 fire survivors completed the survey; 47% experienced a burn injury. There was a 42% to 72% response rate range. Although depression and quality of life were associated with burn injury in univariate analyses (p<0.05), adjusted analyses showed no significant relationship between burn injury and these outcomes (p = 0.91; p = .51). Post-traumatic stress symptoms were not associated with burn injury in the univariate (p = 0.13) or adjusted analyses (p = 0.79). Time off work was the only outcome in which physical injury remained significant in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.03).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Survivors of this large fire experienced significant life disruption, including occupational, psychological and quality of life sequelae. The findings suggest that quality of life, depression and post-traumatic stress outcomes are related to emotional trauma, not physical injury. However, physical injury is correlated with employment outcomes. The long-term impact of this traumatic event underscores the importance of longitudinal and mental health care for trauma survivors, with attention to those with and without physical injuries.
format	article
author	Jeffrey C Schneider Nhi-Ha T Trinh Elizabeth Selleck Felipe Fregni Sara S Salles Colleen M Ryan Joel Stein
author_facet	Jeffrey C Schneider Nhi-Ha T Trinh Elizabeth Selleck Felipe Fregni Sara S Salles Colleen M Ryan Joel Stein
author_sort	Jeffrey C Schneider
title	The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
title_short	The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
title_full	The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
title_fullStr	The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
title_full_unstemmed	The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
title_sort	long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/d303316b844e45f6b5c1f5fefd8451d1
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The long-term impact of physical and emotional trauma: the station nightclub fire.

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