Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns

Abstract Combining palaeontological and neontological data offers a unique opportunity to investigate the relative roles of biotic and abiotic controls of species diversification, and the importance of origination versus extinction in driving evolutionary dynamics. Ferns comprise a major terrestrial...

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Main Authors:	Samuli Lehtonen, Daniele Silvestro, Dirk Nikolaus Karger, Christopher Scotese, Hanna Tuomisto, Michael Kessler, Carlos Peña, Niklas Wahlberg, Alexandre Antonelli
Format:	article
Language:	EN
Published:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Subjects:	Medicine R Science Q
Online Access:	https://doaj.org/article/d34b5de7944a4e6fb90ff525e7f3a9c1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d34b5de7944a4e6fb90ff525e7f3a9c12021-12-02T15:06:19ZEnvironmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns10.1038/s41598-017-05263-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d34b5de7944a4e6fb90ff525e7f3a9c12017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05263-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Combining palaeontological and neontological data offers a unique opportunity to investigate the relative roles of biotic and abiotic controls of species diversification, and the importance of origination versus extinction in driving evolutionary dynamics. Ferns comprise a major terrestrial plant radiation with an extensive evolutionary history providing a wealth of modern and fossil data for modelling environmental drivers of diversification. Here we develop a novel Bayesian model to simultaneously estimate correlations between diversification dynamics and multiple environmental trajectories. We estimate the impact of different factors on fern diversification over the past 400 million years by analysing a comprehensive dataset of fossil occurrences and complement these findings by analysing a large molecular phylogeny. We show that origination and extinction rates are governed by fundamentally different processes: originations depend on within-group diversity but are largely unaffected by environmental changes, whereas extinctions are strongly affected by external factors such as climate and geology. Our results indicate that the prime driver of fern diversity dynamics is environmentally driven extinction, with origination being an opportunistic response to diminishing ecospace occupancy.Samuli LehtonenDaniele SilvestroDirk Nikolaus KargerChristopher ScoteseHanna TuomistoMichael KesslerCarlos PeñaNiklas WahlbergAlexandre AntonelliNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Samuli Lehtonen Daniele Silvestro Dirk Nikolaus Karger Christopher Scotese Hanna Tuomisto Michael Kessler Carlos Peña Niklas Wahlberg Alexandre Antonelli Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
description	Abstract Combining palaeontological and neontological data offers a unique opportunity to investigate the relative roles of biotic and abiotic controls of species diversification, and the importance of origination versus extinction in driving evolutionary dynamics. Ferns comprise a major terrestrial plant radiation with an extensive evolutionary history providing a wealth of modern and fossil data for modelling environmental drivers of diversification. Here we develop a novel Bayesian model to simultaneously estimate correlations between diversification dynamics and multiple environmental trajectories. We estimate the impact of different factors on fern diversification over the past 400 million years by analysing a comprehensive dataset of fossil occurrences and complement these findings by analysing a large molecular phylogeny. We show that origination and extinction rates are governed by fundamentally different processes: originations depend on within-group diversity but are largely unaffected by environmental changes, whereas extinctions are strongly affected by external factors such as climate and geology. Our results indicate that the prime driver of fern diversity dynamics is environmentally driven extinction, with origination being an opportunistic response to diminishing ecospace occupancy.
format	article
author	Samuli Lehtonen Daniele Silvestro Dirk Nikolaus Karger Christopher Scotese Hanna Tuomisto Michael Kessler Carlos Peña Niklas Wahlberg Alexandre Antonelli
author_facet	Samuli Lehtonen Daniele Silvestro Dirk Nikolaus Karger Christopher Scotese Hanna Tuomisto Michael Kessler Carlos Peña Niklas Wahlberg Alexandre Antonelli
author_sort	Samuli Lehtonen
title	Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
title_short	Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
title_full	Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
title_fullStr	Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
title_full_unstemmed	Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
title_sort	environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/d34b5de7944a4e6fb90ff525e7f3a9c1
work_keys_str_mv	AT samulilehtonen environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT danielesilvestro environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT dirknikolauskarger environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT christopherscotese environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT hannatuomisto environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT michaelkessler environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT carlospena environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT niklaswahlberg environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns AT alexandreantonelli environmentallydrivenextinctionandopportunisticoriginationexplainferndiversificationpatterns
_version_	1718388544197623808

Environmentally driven extinction and opportunistic origination explain fern diversification patterns

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