Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study

# Background Studies have grouped different overhead sports and evaluated together the isokinetic strength of shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotator muscles. However, muscular adaptations could be a consequence of the specific sport, and some strength imbalance between these muscles may e...

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Autores principales:	Valentine Zimermann Vargas, Caroline Motta, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira, Marilia Santos Andrade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	North American Sports Medicine Institute 2021
Materias:	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d35fbbb23c244c269a79174944a7ab89
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d35fbbb23c244c269a79174944a7ab892021-12-02T17:11:30ZShoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study10.26603/001c.221622159-2896https://doaj.org/article/d35fbbb23c244c269a79174944a7ab892021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ijspt.scholasticahq.com/article/22162-shoulder-isokinetic-strength-balance-ratio-in-overhead-athletes-a-cross-sectional-study.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2159-2896# Background Studies have grouped different overhead sports and evaluated together the isokinetic strength of shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotator muscles. However, muscular adaptations could be a consequence of the specific sport, and some strength imbalance between these muscles may exist as a consequence of the muscular demand unique to the sport. Therefore, grouping different overhead sports together may not be adequate. # Purpose To compare strength balance ratios between different overhead sports (volleyball, handball, swimming, judo, baseball, softball, functional movements performed at high-intensity interval training, and tennis) with a control athletic group (no overhead group). # Study design Cross-sectional study. # Methods A total of 237 athletes were submitted to isokinetic shoulder strength tests. The isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque values of shoulder internal IR and external ER rotator muscles were measured. Conventional (CR) and functional strength ratios (FR) were calculated. # Results There were no significant differences between the sports for the CR in the male group. Female softball athletes (90.4±13.6%) had a significantly higher CR than judo (67.3±6.9%), volleyball (74.9±15.9%), and swimming athletes (70.3±8.7%). In the female group, judo athletes had lower FR values (0.76±0.19) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35), volleyball athletes (1.24±0.27), functional movements performed at high intensity (1.10±0.1), and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Female handball athletes also had a lower FR (0.99±0.25) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35) and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Male handball (0.90±0.23), tennis (0.86±0.30), and judo (0.68±0.22) athletes had lower FR values than soccer athletes (1.20±0.21) and volleyball athletes (1.25±0.28). # Conclusions CR for males may be analyzed together, as there were no significant differences between them. However, for females, the CR for softball athletes should be analyzed individually. As there were several differences between the overhead sports according to the FRs, the authors suggest caution in grouping overhead athletes across multiple sports. These results could have important implications for the design of injury prevention and rehabilitation programs associated with the shoulder joint in overhead sports. # Level of Evidence 3Valentine Zimermann VargasCaroline MottaRodrigo Luiz VanciniClaudio Andre Barbosa de LiraMarilia Santos AndradeNorth American Sports Medicine InstitutearticleSports medicineRC1200-1245ENInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, Vol 16, Iss 3 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
spellingShingle	Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Valentine Zimermann Vargas Caroline Motta Rodrigo Luiz Vancini Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira Marilia Santos Andrade Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
description	# Background Studies have grouped different overhead sports and evaluated together the isokinetic strength of shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotator muscles. However, muscular adaptations could be a consequence of the specific sport, and some strength imbalance between these muscles may exist as a consequence of the muscular demand unique to the sport. Therefore, grouping different overhead sports together may not be adequate. # Purpose To compare strength balance ratios between different overhead sports (volleyball, handball, swimming, judo, baseball, softball, functional movements performed at high-intensity interval training, and tennis) with a control athletic group (no overhead group). # Study design Cross-sectional study. # Methods A total of 237 athletes were submitted to isokinetic shoulder strength tests. The isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque values of shoulder internal IR and external ER rotator muscles were measured. Conventional (CR) and functional strength ratios (FR) were calculated. # Results There were no significant differences between the sports for the CR in the male group. Female softball athletes (90.4±13.6%) had a significantly higher CR than judo (67.3±6.9%), volleyball (74.9±15.9%), and swimming athletes (70.3±8.7%). In the female group, judo athletes had lower FR values (0.76±0.19) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35), volleyball athletes (1.24±0.27), functional movements performed at high intensity (1.10±0.1), and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Female handball athletes also had a lower FR (0.99±0.25) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35) and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Male handball (0.90±0.23), tennis (0.86±0.30), and judo (0.68±0.22) athletes had lower FR values than soccer athletes (1.20±0.21) and volleyball athletes (1.25±0.28). # Conclusions CR for males may be analyzed together, as there were no significant differences between them. However, for females, the CR for softball athletes should be analyzed individually. As there were several differences between the overhead sports according to the FRs, the authors suggest caution in grouping overhead athletes across multiple sports. These results could have important implications for the design of injury prevention and rehabilitation programs associated with the shoulder joint in overhead sports. # Level of Evidence 3
format	article
author	Valentine Zimermann Vargas Caroline Motta Rodrigo Luiz Vancini Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira Marilia Santos Andrade
author_facet	Valentine Zimermann Vargas Caroline Motta Rodrigo Luiz Vancini Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira Marilia Santos Andrade
author_sort	Valentine Zimermann Vargas
title	Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short	Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full	Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr	Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed	Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort	shoulder isokinetic strength balance ratio in overhead athletes: a cross-sectional study
publisher	North American Sports Medicine Institute
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d35fbbb23c244c269a79174944a7ab89
work_keys_str_mv	AT valentinezimermannvargas shoulderisokineticstrengthbalanceratioinoverheadathletesacrosssectionalstudy AT carolinemotta shoulderisokineticstrengthbalanceratioinoverheadathletesacrosssectionalstudy AT rodrigoluizvancini shoulderisokineticstrengthbalanceratioinoverheadathletesacrosssectionalstudy AT claudioandrebarbosadelira shoulderisokineticstrengthbalanceratioinoverheadathletesacrosssectionalstudy AT mariliasantosandrade shoulderisokineticstrengthbalanceratioinoverheadathletesacrosssectionalstudy
_version_	1718381526052241408

Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study

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