A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19
The gut microbiota contributes to maintaining human health and regulating immune responses. Severe COVID-19 illness is associated with a dysregulated pro-inflammatory immune response. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on altering the gut microbiome and the relevance of the gut microbiome on COVID-19 severity...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:d3a44f06ae8e46919a0c6e95074b07b52021-11-17T05:39:25ZA Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-192235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.747816https://doaj.org/article/d3a44f06ae8e46919a0c6e95074b07b52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.747816/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988The gut microbiota contributes to maintaining human health and regulating immune responses. Severe COVID-19 illness is associated with a dysregulated pro-inflammatory immune response. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on altering the gut microbiome and the relevance of the gut microbiome on COVID-19 severity needs to be clarified. In this prospective study, we analyzed the gut microbiome of 212 patients of a tertiary care hospital (117 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 95 SARS-CoV-2 negative patients) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region. Inflammatory markers and immune cells were quantified from blood. The gut microbiome in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients was characterized by a lower bacterial richness and distinct differences in the gut microbiome composition, including an enrichment of the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes and a decrease of Actinobacteria compared to SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. The relative abundance of several genera including Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus and Collinsella was lower in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients while the abundance of Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae was increased. Higher pro-inflammatory blood markers and a lower CD8+ T cell number characterized patients with severe COVID-19 illness. The gut microbiome of patients with severe/critical COVID-19 exhibited a lower abundance of butyrate-producing genera Faecalibacterium and Roseburia and a reduction in the connectivity of a distinct network of anti-inflammatory genera that was observed in patients with mild COVID-19 illness and in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome associated with a pro-inflammatory signature may contribute to the hyperinflammatory immune response characterizing severe COVID-19 illness.Johanna ReinoldFarnoush FarahpourChristian FehringSebastian DolffMargarethe KonikJohannes KorthLukas van BaalDaniel HoffmannJan BuerOliver WitzkeAstrid M. WestendorfJan KehrmannFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19microbiomeintestinal microbiotaSARS-CoV-2severityMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021) |
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| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
COVID-19 microbiome intestinal microbiota SARS-CoV-2 severity Microbiology QR1-502 |
| spellingShingle |
COVID-19 microbiome intestinal microbiota SARS-CoV-2 severity Microbiology QR1-502 Johanna Reinold Farnoush Farahpour Christian Fehring Sebastian Dolff Margarethe Konik Johannes Korth Lukas van Baal Daniel Hoffmann Jan Buer Oliver Witzke Astrid M. Westendorf Jan Kehrmann A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19 |
| description |
The gut microbiota contributes to maintaining human health and regulating immune responses. Severe COVID-19 illness is associated with a dysregulated pro-inflammatory immune response. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on altering the gut microbiome and the relevance of the gut microbiome on COVID-19 severity needs to be clarified. In this prospective study, we analyzed the gut microbiome of 212 patients of a tertiary care hospital (117 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 95 SARS-CoV-2 negative patients) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region. Inflammatory markers and immune cells were quantified from blood. The gut microbiome in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients was characterized by a lower bacterial richness and distinct differences in the gut microbiome composition, including an enrichment of the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes and a decrease of Actinobacteria compared to SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. The relative abundance of several genera including Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus and Collinsella was lower in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients while the abundance of Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae was increased. Higher pro-inflammatory blood markers and a lower CD8+ T cell number characterized patients with severe COVID-19 illness. The gut microbiome of patients with severe/critical COVID-19 exhibited a lower abundance of butyrate-producing genera Faecalibacterium and Roseburia and a reduction in the connectivity of a distinct network of anti-inflammatory genera that was observed in patients with mild COVID-19 illness and in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome associated with a pro-inflammatory signature may contribute to the hyperinflammatory immune response characterizing severe COVID-19 illness. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Johanna Reinold Farnoush Farahpour Christian Fehring Sebastian Dolff Margarethe Konik Johannes Korth Lukas van Baal Daniel Hoffmann Jan Buer Oliver Witzke Astrid M. Westendorf Jan Kehrmann |
| author_facet |
Johanna Reinold Farnoush Farahpour Christian Fehring Sebastian Dolff Margarethe Konik Johannes Korth Lukas van Baal Daniel Hoffmann Jan Buer Oliver Witzke Astrid M. Westendorf Jan Kehrmann |
| author_sort |
Johanna Reinold |
| title |
A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19 |
| title_short |
A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19 |
| title_full |
A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr |
A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A Pro-Inflammatory Gut Microbiome Characterizes SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients and a Reduction in the Connectivity of an Anti-Inflammatory Bacterial Network Associates With Severe COVID-19 |
| title_sort |
pro-inflammatory gut microbiome characterizes sars-cov-2 infected patients and a reduction in the connectivity of an anti-inflammatory bacterial network associates with severe covid-19 |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/d3a44f06ae8e46919a0c6e95074b07b5 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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