Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of many disease-causing viruses, including dengue (DENV), Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. As consequences of climate change, we expect an increase in both global mean temperatures and extreme climatic events. When temperatures fluctuate, mosquito...

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Autores principales:	Fhallon Ware-Gilmore, Carla M Sgrò, Zhiyong Xi, Heverton L C Dutra, Matthew J Jones, Katriona Shea, Matthew D Hall, Matthew B Thomas, Elizabeth A McGraw
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d3ce07239ef342b788758b432bb2d720
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d3ce07239ef342b788758b432bb2d7202021-12-02T20:23:44ZMicrobes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009548https://doaj.org/article/d3ce07239ef342b788758b432bb2d7202021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009548https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of many disease-causing viruses, including dengue (DENV), Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. As consequences of climate change, we expect an increase in both global mean temperatures and extreme climatic events. When temperatures fluctuate, mosquito vectors will be increasingly exposed to temperatures beyond their upper thermal limits. Here, we examine how DENV infection alters Ae. aegypti thermotolerance by using a high-throughput physiological 'knockdown' assay modeled on studies in Drosophila. Such laboratory measures of thermal tolerance have previously been shown to accurately predict an insect's distribution in the field. We show that DENV infection increases thermal sensitivity, an effect that may ultimately limit the geographic range of the virus. We also show that the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis, which is currently being released globally as a biological control agent, has a similar impact on thermal sensitivity in Ae. aegypti. Surprisingly, in the coinfected state, Wolbachia did not provide protection against DENV-associated effects on thermal tolerance, nor were the effects of the two infections additive. The latter suggests that the microbes may act by similar means, potentially through activation of shared immune pathways or energetic tradeoffs. Models predicting future ranges of both virus transmission and Wolbachia's efficacy following field release may wish to consider the effects these microbes have on host survival.Fhallon Ware-GilmoreCarla M SgròZhiyong XiHeverton L C DutraMatthew J JonesKatriona SheaMatthew D HallMatthew B ThomasElizabeth A McGrawPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009548 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Fhallon Ware-Gilmore Carla M Sgrò Zhiyong Xi Heverton L C Dutra Matthew J Jones Katriona Shea Matthew D Hall Matthew B Thomas Elizabeth A McGraw Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
description	The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of many disease-causing viruses, including dengue (DENV), Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. As consequences of climate change, we expect an increase in both global mean temperatures and extreme climatic events. When temperatures fluctuate, mosquito vectors will be increasingly exposed to temperatures beyond their upper thermal limits. Here, we examine how DENV infection alters Ae. aegypti thermotolerance by using a high-throughput physiological 'knockdown' assay modeled on studies in Drosophila. Such laboratory measures of thermal tolerance have previously been shown to accurately predict an insect's distribution in the field. We show that DENV infection increases thermal sensitivity, an effect that may ultimately limit the geographic range of the virus. We also show that the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis, which is currently being released globally as a biological control agent, has a similar impact on thermal sensitivity in Ae. aegypti. Surprisingly, in the coinfected state, Wolbachia did not provide protection against DENV-associated effects on thermal tolerance, nor were the effects of the two infections additive. The latter suggests that the microbes may act by similar means, potentially through activation of shared immune pathways or energetic tradeoffs. Models predicting future ranges of both virus transmission and Wolbachia's efficacy following field release may wish to consider the effects these microbes have on host survival.
format	article
author	Fhallon Ware-Gilmore Carla M Sgrò Zhiyong Xi Heverton L C Dutra Matthew J Jones Katriona Shea Matthew D Hall Matthew B Thomas Elizabeth A McGraw
author_facet	Fhallon Ware-Gilmore Carla M Sgrò Zhiyong Xi Heverton L C Dutra Matthew J Jones Katriona Shea Matthew D Hall Matthew B Thomas Elizabeth A McGraw
author_sort	Fhallon Ware-Gilmore
title	Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
title_short	Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
title_full	Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
title_fullStr	Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
title_full_unstemmed	Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
title_sort	microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d3ce07239ef342b788758b432bb2d720
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Microbes increase thermal sensitivity in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, with the potential to change disease distributions.

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