Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation

ABSTRACT The amount of natural resources in the Earth’s environment is in flux, which can trigger catastrophic collapses of ecosystems. How populations survive under nutrient-poor conditions is a central question in ecology. Curiously, some bacteria persist for a long time in nutrient-poor environme...

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Autores principales:	Sotaro Takano, Bogna J. Pawlowska, Ivana Gudelj, Tetsuya Yomo, Saburo Tsuru
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d3d30fb4daf34690b1ebf62dcfb2bdd0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d3d30fb4daf34690b1ebf62dcfb2bdd02021-11-15T15:51:07ZDensity-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation10.1128/mBio.02336-162150-7511https://doaj.org/article/d3d30fb4daf34690b1ebf62dcfb2bdd02017-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02336-16https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The amount of natural resources in the Earth’s environment is in flux, which can trigger catastrophic collapses of ecosystems. How populations survive under nutrient-poor conditions is a central question in ecology. Curiously, some bacteria persist for a long time in nutrient-poor environments. Although this survival may be accomplished through cell death and the recycling of dead cells, the importance of these processes and the mechanisms underlying the survival of the populations have not been quantitated. Here, we use microbial laboratory experiments and mathematical models to demonstrate that death and recycling are essential activities for the maintenance of cell survival. We also show that the behavior of the survivors is governed by population density feedback, wherein growth is limited not only by the available resources but also by the population density. The numerical simulations suggest that population density-dependent recycling could be an advantageous behavior under starvation conditions. IMPORTANCE How organisms survive after exhaustion of resources is a central question in ecology. Starving Escherichia coli constitute a model system to understand survival mechanisms during long-term starvation. Although death and the recycling of dead cells might play a key role in the maintenance of long-term survival, their mechanisms and importance have not been quantitated. Here, we verified the significance of social recycling of dead cells for long-term survival. We also show that the survivors restrained their recycling and did not use all available nutrients released from dead cells, which may be advantageous under starvation conditions. These results indicate that not only the utilization of dead cells but also restrained recycling coordinate the effective utilization of limited resources for long-term survival under starvation.Sotaro TakanoBogna J. PawlowskaIvana GudeljTetsuya YomoSaburo TsuruAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Sotaro Takano Bogna J. Pawlowska Ivana Gudelj Tetsuya Yomo Saburo Tsuru Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation
description	ABSTRACT The amount of natural resources in the Earth’s environment is in flux, which can trigger catastrophic collapses of ecosystems. How populations survive under nutrient-poor conditions is a central question in ecology. Curiously, some bacteria persist for a long time in nutrient-poor environments. Although this survival may be accomplished through cell death and the recycling of dead cells, the importance of these processes and the mechanisms underlying the survival of the populations have not been quantitated. Here, we use microbial laboratory experiments and mathematical models to demonstrate that death and recycling are essential activities for the maintenance of cell survival. We also show that the behavior of the survivors is governed by population density feedback, wherein growth is limited not only by the available resources but also by the population density. The numerical simulations suggest that population density-dependent recycling could be an advantageous behavior under starvation conditions. IMPORTANCE How organisms survive after exhaustion of resources is a central question in ecology. Starving Escherichia coli constitute a model system to understand survival mechanisms during long-term starvation. Although death and the recycling of dead cells might play a key role in the maintenance of long-term survival, their mechanisms and importance have not been quantitated. Here, we verified the significance of social recycling of dead cells for long-term survival. We also show that the survivors restrained their recycling and did not use all available nutrients released from dead cells, which may be advantageous under starvation conditions. These results indicate that not only the utilization of dead cells but also restrained recycling coordinate the effective utilization of limited resources for long-term survival under starvation.
format	article
author	Sotaro Takano Bogna J. Pawlowska Ivana Gudelj Tetsuya Yomo Saburo Tsuru
author_facet	Sotaro Takano Bogna J. Pawlowska Ivana Gudelj Tetsuya Yomo Saburo Tsuru
author_sort	Sotaro Takano
title	Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation
title_short	Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation
title_full	Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation
title_fullStr	Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation
title_full_unstemmed	Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation
title_sort	density-dependent recycling promotes the long-term survival of bacterial populations during periods of starvation
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/d3d30fb4daf34690b1ebf62dcfb2bdd0
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Density-Dependent Recycling Promotes the Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Populations during Periods of Starvation

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