Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.

Among tennis coaches and players, the standard volley and drop volley are considered basically similar, but muscles need to be relaxed (deactivation) just at the moment of impact when hitting the drop volley. However, this is not evidence-based. The aim of this study was to clarify racket head traje...

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Autores principales:	Ryosuke Furuya, Hikaru Yokoyama, Milos Dimic, Toshimasa Yanai, Tobias Vogt, Kazuyuki Kanosue
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d40bb0dc4be64217bd3198762aa4ec13
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d40bb0dc4be64217bd3198762aa4ec132021-12-02T20:08:16ZDifference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257295https://doaj.org/article/d40bb0dc4be64217bd3198762aa4ec132021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257295https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Among tennis coaches and players, the standard volley and drop volley are considered basically similar, but muscles need to be relaxed (deactivation) just at the moment of impact when hitting the drop volley. However, this is not evidence-based. The aim of this study was to clarify racket head trajectory and muscle activity during the drop volley and to compare them with those of the standard volley. We hypothesized that 1) the racket head would move less forward for the drop volley than for the standard volley and 2) the wrist and elbow muscles be relaxed for the drop volley at the time of ball impact. Eleven male college students with sufficient tennis experience volunteered to participate in this study. Wireless EMG sensors recorded activation of the four arm muscles. Each subject performed the standard volley or the drop volley with both a forehand and a backhand from a position near the net. Four high speed video cameras (300 Hz) were set up on the court to measure ball speed and racket head trajectory. Returned ball speed of the drop volley was significantly lower than that of the standard volley (p < 0.05). The racket head moved less forward than in the standard volley, supporting the first hypothesis. Muscle activity of the drop volley, just before and after ball impact for both the forehand and backhand, was lower than that of the standard volley. However, the activity was in the form of a gradual increase as impact time approached, rather than a sudden deactivation (relaxation), which did not support the second hypothesis. For the drop volley, lower muscle activity in the forearm enabled a softer grip and thus allowed a "flip" movement of the racket to diminish the speed of the returned ball.Ryosuke FuruyaHikaru YokoyamaMilos DimicToshimasa YanaiTobias VogtKazuyuki KanosuePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257295 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ryosuke Furuya Hikaru Yokoyama Milos Dimic Toshimasa Yanai Tobias Vogt Kazuyuki Kanosue Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
description	Among tennis coaches and players, the standard volley and drop volley are considered basically similar, but muscles need to be relaxed (deactivation) just at the moment of impact when hitting the drop volley. However, this is not evidence-based. The aim of this study was to clarify racket head trajectory and muscle activity during the drop volley and to compare them with those of the standard volley. We hypothesized that 1) the racket head would move less forward for the drop volley than for the standard volley and 2) the wrist and elbow muscles be relaxed for the drop volley at the time of ball impact. Eleven male college students with sufficient tennis experience volunteered to participate in this study. Wireless EMG sensors recorded activation of the four arm muscles. Each subject performed the standard volley or the drop volley with both a forehand and a backhand from a position near the net. Four high speed video cameras (300 Hz) were set up on the court to measure ball speed and racket head trajectory. Returned ball speed of the drop volley was significantly lower than that of the standard volley (p < 0.05). The racket head moved less forward than in the standard volley, supporting the first hypothesis. Muscle activity of the drop volley, just before and after ball impact for both the forehand and backhand, was lower than that of the standard volley. However, the activity was in the form of a gradual increase as impact time approached, rather than a sudden deactivation (relaxation), which did not support the second hypothesis. For the drop volley, lower muscle activity in the forearm enabled a softer grip and thus allowed a "flip" movement of the racket to diminish the speed of the returned ball.
format	article
author	Ryosuke Furuya Hikaru Yokoyama Milos Dimic Toshimasa Yanai Tobias Vogt Kazuyuki Kanosue
author_facet	Ryosuke Furuya Hikaru Yokoyama Milos Dimic Toshimasa Yanai Tobias Vogt Kazuyuki Kanosue
author_sort	Ryosuke Furuya
title	Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
title_short	Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
title_full	Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
title_fullStr	Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
title_full_unstemmed	Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
title_sort	difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d40bb0dc4be64217bd3198762aa4ec13
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Difference in racket head trajectory and muscle activity between the standard volley and the drop volley in tennis.

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