Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments

The prolonged sensing of toxic gases in polluted particles and harsh environments is a challenging task that is also in high demand. In this work, the proof of principle of a sensitive, low-cost, and low-maintenance reconfigurable platform for filter-free and continuous ammonia (NH<sub>3</s...

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Autores principales:	Hamid Sadabadi, Ali Bostani, Amin S. Esmaeili
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	microfluidics microwave 3D split-ring resonator adsorption toxic gas detection ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) detection Biochemistry QD415-436
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d414996351604844ac4a2830a9560033
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d414996351604844ac4a2830a95600332021-11-25T17:13:45ZReconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments10.3390/chemosensors91103282227-9040https://doaj.org/article/d414996351604844ac4a2830a95600332021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/9/11/328https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9040The prolonged sensing of toxic gases in polluted particles and harsh environments is a challenging task that is also in high demand. In this work, the proof of principle of a sensitive, low-cost, and low-maintenance reconfigurable platform for filter-free and continuous ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) sensing in polluted environments is simulated. The platform can be modified for the detection of various toxic gases and includes three main modules: a microfluidic system for in-line continuous dust filtering; a toxic gas adsorption module; and a low-frequency microwave split-ring resonator (SRR). An inertia-based spiral microfluidic system has been designed and optimized through simulation for the in-line filtration of small particles from the intake air. Zeolite Y is selected as the adsorbent in the adsorption module. The adsorption module is a non-metallic thin tube that is filled with zeolite Y powder and precisely fixed at the drilled through-hole into the 3D microwave system. For the sensing module, a low-frequency three-dimensional (3D) split-ring resonator is proposed and optimally designed. A microwave resonator continuously monitors the permittivity of zeolite Y and can detect small permittivity alterations upon the presence of ammonia in the intake air. The microwave resonator is optimized at a frequency range of 2.5–3 GHz toward the detection of ammonia under different ammonia concentrations from 400 to 2800 ppm. The microwave simulation results show a clear contrast of around 4 MHz that shifts at 2.7 GHz for 400 ppm ammonia concentration. The results show the proof of principle of the proposed microfluidic-microwave platform for toxic gas detection.Hamid SadabadiAli BostaniAmin S. EsmaeiliMDPI AGarticlemicrofluidicsmicrowave3D split-ring resonatoradsorptiontoxic gas detectionammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) detectionBiochemistryQD415-436ENChemosensors, Vol 9, Iss 328, p 328 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microfluidics microwave 3D split-ring resonator adsorption toxic gas detection ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) detection Biochemistry QD415-436
spellingShingle	microfluidics microwave 3D split-ring resonator adsorption toxic gas detection ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) detection Biochemistry QD415-436 Hamid Sadabadi Ali Bostani Amin S. Esmaeili Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments
description	The prolonged sensing of toxic gases in polluted particles and harsh environments is a challenging task that is also in high demand. In this work, the proof of principle of a sensitive, low-cost, and low-maintenance reconfigurable platform for filter-free and continuous ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) sensing in polluted environments is simulated. The platform can be modified for the detection of various toxic gases and includes three main modules: a microfluidic system for in-line continuous dust filtering; a toxic gas adsorption module; and a low-frequency microwave split-ring resonator (SRR). An inertia-based spiral microfluidic system has been designed and optimized through simulation for the in-line filtration of small particles from the intake air. Zeolite Y is selected as the adsorbent in the adsorption module. The adsorption module is a non-metallic thin tube that is filled with zeolite Y powder and precisely fixed at the drilled through-hole into the 3D microwave system. For the sensing module, a low-frequency three-dimensional (3D) split-ring resonator is proposed and optimally designed. A microwave resonator continuously monitors the permittivity of zeolite Y and can detect small permittivity alterations upon the presence of ammonia in the intake air. The microwave resonator is optimized at a frequency range of 2.5–3 GHz toward the detection of ammonia under different ammonia concentrations from 400 to 2800 ppm. The microwave simulation results show a clear contrast of around 4 MHz that shifts at 2.7 GHz for 400 ppm ammonia concentration. The results show the proof of principle of the proposed microfluidic-microwave platform for toxic gas detection.
format	article
author	Hamid Sadabadi Ali Bostani Amin S. Esmaeili
author_facet	Hamid Sadabadi Ali Bostani Amin S. Esmaeili
author_sort	Hamid Sadabadi
title	Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments
title_short	Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments
title_full	Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments
title_fullStr	Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments
title_full_unstemmed	Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments
title_sort	reconfigurable modular platform for prolonged sensing of toxic gases in particle polluted environments
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d414996351604844ac4a2830a9560033
work_keys_str_mv	AT hamidsadabadi reconfigurablemodularplatformforprolongedsensingoftoxicgasesinparticlepollutedenvironments AT alibostani reconfigurablemodularplatformforprolongedsensingoftoxicgasesinparticlepollutedenvironments AT aminsesmaeili reconfigurablemodularplatformforprolongedsensingoftoxicgasesinparticlepollutedenvironments
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Reconfigurable Modular Platform for Prolonged Sensing of Toxic Gases in Particle Polluted Environments

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