Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly population. Currently, diagnosis is based on invasive and expensive techniques, so there is a growing need to look for other possible tests, as well as carry out clinical validation. Studies from the literature show...

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Autores principales:	Laura Ferré-González, Carmen Peña-Bautista, Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez, Inés Ferrer-Cairols, Miguel Baquero, Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis model plasma biomarker apolipoprotein E (ApoE) validation Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d440933269cf4680b311ed7d20487686
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d440933269cf4680b311ed7d204876862021-11-25T16:25:36ZAssessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis10.3390/antiox101116622076-3921https://doaj.org/article/d440933269cf4680b311ed7d204876862021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1662https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly population. Currently, diagnosis is based on invasive and expensive techniques, so there is a growing need to look for other possible tests, as well as carry out clinical validation. Studies from the literature showed potential diagnosis models, including some AD risk factors (age, gender, ApoE-ε4 genotype) and other variables (biomarkers levels, neuroimaging). Specifically, a recent model was performed from lipid peroxidation compounds in plasma samples to identify patients with early AD. However, there is a lack of studies about clinical validation of these preliminary diagnosis models. Methods: Plasma samples from participants classified into AD (<i>n</i> = 61), non-AD (<i>n</i> = 17), and healthy (<i>n</i> = 44) were analyzed. In fact, lipid peroxidation compounds were determined by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Then, a previously developed diagnosis model was clinically validated, evaluating some diagnosis indexes. Results: The validation of the preliminary diagnosis model showed satisfactory diagnosis indexes (accuracy 77%, sensitivity 89%, specificity 61%, diagnostic odds ratio 12.5, positive predictive value 76%). Next, a useful screening tool, including the ApoE genotype, was developed, identifying patients with a higher risk of developing AD and improving the corresponding diagnosis indexes (accuracy 82%, sensitivity 81%, specificity 85%, diagnostic odds ratio 23.2, positive predictive value 90.5%). Conclusion: A new screening approach could improve the early, minimally invasive, and differential AD diagnosis in the general population.Laura Ferré-GonzálezCarmen Peña-BautistaLourdes Álvarez-SánchezInés Ferrer-CairolsMiguel BaqueroConsuelo Cháfer-PericásMDPI AGarticleAlzheimer’s diseasediagnosis modelplasmabiomarkerapolipoprotein E (ApoE)validationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1662, p 1662 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis model plasma biomarker apolipoprotein E (ApoE) validation Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis model plasma biomarker apolipoprotein E (ApoE) validation Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Laura Ferré-González Carmen Peña-Bautista Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez Inés Ferrer-Cairols Miguel Baquero Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
description	Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly population. Currently, diagnosis is based on invasive and expensive techniques, so there is a growing need to look for other possible tests, as well as carry out clinical validation. Studies from the literature showed potential diagnosis models, including some AD risk factors (age, gender, ApoE-ε4 genotype) and other variables (biomarkers levels, neuroimaging). Specifically, a recent model was performed from lipid peroxidation compounds in plasma samples to identify patients with early AD. However, there is a lack of studies about clinical validation of these preliminary diagnosis models. Methods: Plasma samples from participants classified into AD (<i>n</i> = 61), non-AD (<i>n</i> = 17), and healthy (<i>n</i> = 44) were analyzed. In fact, lipid peroxidation compounds were determined by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Then, a previously developed diagnosis model was clinically validated, evaluating some diagnosis indexes. Results: The validation of the preliminary diagnosis model showed satisfactory diagnosis indexes (accuracy 77%, sensitivity 89%, specificity 61%, diagnostic odds ratio 12.5, positive predictive value 76%). Next, a useful screening tool, including the ApoE genotype, was developed, identifying patients with a higher risk of developing AD and improving the corresponding diagnosis indexes (accuracy 82%, sensitivity 81%, specificity 85%, diagnostic odds ratio 23.2, positive predictive value 90.5%). Conclusion: A new screening approach could improve the early, minimally invasive, and differential AD diagnosis in the general population.
format	article
author	Laura Ferré-González Carmen Peña-Bautista Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez Inés Ferrer-Cairols Miguel Baquero Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
author_facet	Laura Ferré-González Carmen Peña-Bautista Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez Inés Ferrer-Cairols Miguel Baquero Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
author_sort	Laura Ferré-González
title	Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
title_short	Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
title_full	Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
title_fullStr	Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
title_sort	assessment of screening approach in early and differential alzheimer’s disease diagnosis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d440933269cf4680b311ed7d20487686
work_keys_str_mv	AT lauraferregonzalez assessmentofscreeningapproachinearlyanddifferentialalzheimersdiseasediagnosis AT carmenpenabautista assessmentofscreeningapproachinearlyanddifferentialalzheimersdiseasediagnosis AT lourdesalvarezsanchez assessmentofscreeningapproachinearlyanddifferentialalzheimersdiseasediagnosis AT inesferrercairols assessmentofscreeningapproachinearlyanddifferentialalzheimersdiseasediagnosis AT miguelbaquero assessmentofscreeningapproachinearlyanddifferentialalzheimersdiseasediagnosis AT consuelochaferpericas assessmentofscreeningapproachinearlyanddifferentialalzheimersdiseasediagnosis
_version_	1718413228453658624

Assessment of Screening Approach in Early and Differential Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis

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