Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs

The present study introduces the numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using IPMCs (ionic polymer-metal composites). IPMCs can be applied into both of actuators (from electricity to deformation) and mechanical sensors (from deformation to electricity), but the existing models of the actuators c...

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Autores principales:	Seongwon YOO, Yutaka TOI
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 2014
Materias:	ipmc (ionic polymer-metal composite) mechanical sensor numerical simulation hydration Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d469d1094b6a4778837dec35f94c867b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d469d1094b6a4778837dec35f94c867b2021-11-26T06:16:58ZNumerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs2187-974510.1299/mej.14-00326https://doaj.org/article/d469d1094b6a4778837dec35f94c867b2014-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mej/2/1/2_14-00326/_pdf/-char/enhttps://doaj.org/toc/2187-9745The present study introduces the numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using IPMCs (ionic polymer-metal composites). IPMCs can be applied into both of actuators (from electricity to deformation) and mechanical sensors (from deformation to electricity), but the existing models of the actuators cannot be inversely applied to the mechanical sensors. The mechanical sensors generate very much smaller electric potential compared to the supplied electric potential of actuators with respect to the same displacement and structure. The non-invertible response of the mechanical sensors is numerically simulated, and the simulation considers hydration and transient behaviors. IPMCs have hydration effect that volume and mechanical stiffness are significantly changed with water uptake. In order to consider the volume swelling due to hydration, the total strains and pore pressure of IPMCs are respectively decomposed into stress-induced and hydration-induced parts. The hydration-induced strain is considered as eigen-strain, and the stress-induced strain and stress-induced pore pressure are employed into Biot poroelastic constitutive equations. The mechanical stiffness of a hydrated IPMC is expressed as empirical relations with water uptake. Furthermore, mechanical sensors using IPMCs show transient response with the relaxation and time lag of reaction force and electric potential. The transient response is modeled with a set of basic equations, e.g. layered Timoshenko beam model, Biot poroelastic model, Darcy-flow model, Poisson-Nernst-Plank model. The instantaneous peak of reaction force is estimated on undrained condition, the relaxation of reaction force is considered with pore pressure and its Poisson effect, and hydration-induced water migration is modeled with hydration potential. The hydration potential is modeled with an empirical chemical potential at free swelling equilibrium and is expressed as a function of water uptake. Next, discretization and numerical formulation with layered finite beam elements is introduced. Lastly, the transient responses of a Flemion-based mechanical sensor are numerically simulated with different deflections, and the distributions of stress, pore pressure, ion concentration and electric potential are obtained with time. Lastly, the numerical simulation is compared with the experiments of a reference.Seongwon YOOYutaka TOIThe Japan Society of Mechanical Engineersarticleipmc (ionic polymer-metal composite)mechanical sensornumerical simulationhydrationMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMechanical Engineering Journal, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 14-00326-14-00326 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ipmc (ionic polymer-metal composite) mechanical sensor numerical simulation hydration Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	ipmc (ionic polymer-metal composite) mechanical sensor numerical simulation hydration Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Seongwon YOO Yutaka TOI Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs
description	The present study introduces the numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using IPMCs (ionic polymer-metal composites). IPMCs can be applied into both of actuators (from electricity to deformation) and mechanical sensors (from deformation to electricity), but the existing models of the actuators cannot be inversely applied to the mechanical sensors. The mechanical sensors generate very much smaller electric potential compared to the supplied electric potential of actuators with respect to the same displacement and structure. The non-invertible response of the mechanical sensors is numerically simulated, and the simulation considers hydration and transient behaviors. IPMCs have hydration effect that volume and mechanical stiffness are significantly changed with water uptake. In order to consider the volume swelling due to hydration, the total strains and pore pressure of IPMCs are respectively decomposed into stress-induced and hydration-induced parts. The hydration-induced strain is considered as eigen-strain, and the stress-induced strain and stress-induced pore pressure are employed into Biot poroelastic constitutive equations. The mechanical stiffness of a hydrated IPMC is expressed as empirical relations with water uptake. Furthermore, mechanical sensors using IPMCs show transient response with the relaxation and time lag of reaction force and electric potential. The transient response is modeled with a set of basic equations, e.g. layered Timoshenko beam model, Biot poroelastic model, Darcy-flow model, Poisson-Nernst-Plank model. The instantaneous peak of reaction force is estimated on undrained condition, the relaxation of reaction force is considered with pore pressure and its Poisson effect, and hydration-induced water migration is modeled with hydration potential. The hydration potential is modeled with an empirical chemical potential at free swelling equilibrium and is expressed as a function of water uptake. Next, discretization and numerical formulation with layered finite beam elements is introduced. Lastly, the transient responses of a Flemion-based mechanical sensor are numerically simulated with different deflections, and the distributions of stress, pore pressure, ion concentration and electric potential are obtained with time. Lastly, the numerical simulation is compared with the experiments of a reference.
format	article
author	Seongwon YOO Yutaka TOI
author_facet	Seongwon YOO Yutaka TOI
author_sort	Seongwon YOO
title	Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs
title_short	Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs
title_full	Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs
title_fullStr	Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs
title_full_unstemmed	Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs
title_sort	numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated ipmcs
publisher	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/d469d1094b6a4778837dec35f94c867b
work_keys_str_mv	AT seongwonyoo numericalsimulationofmechanicalsensorsusinghydratedipmcs AT yutakatoi numericalsimulationofmechanicalsensorsusinghydratedipmcs
_version_	1718409810326585344

Numerical simulation of mechanical sensors using hydrated IPMCs

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