Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).

A long-standing question in evolutionary studies of snake venoms is the extent to which phylogenetic divergence and diet can account for between-species differences in venom composition. Here we apply phylogeny-based comparative methods to address this question. We use data on venom variation genera...

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Autores principales:	H Lisle Gibbs, Libia Sanz, Michael G Sovic, Juan J Calvete
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d46a755e93db4a74a3ed1486b264d800
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d46a755e93db4a74a3ed1486b264d8002021-11-18T07:40:19ZPhylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0067220https://doaj.org/article/d46a755e93db4a74a3ed1486b264d8002013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23826238/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203A long-standing question in evolutionary studies of snake venoms is the extent to which phylogenetic divergence and diet can account for between-species differences in venom composition. Here we apply phylogeny-based comparative methods to address this question. We use data on venom variation generated using proteomic techniques for all members of a small clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.) and two outgroups for which phylogenetic and diet information is available. We first complete the characterization of venom variation for all members of this clade with a "venomic" analysis of pooled venoms from two members of this genus, S. milarius streckeri and S. m. milarius. These venoms exhibit the same general classes of proteins as those found in other Sistrurus species but differ in their relative abundances of specific protein families. We then test whether there is significant phylogenetic signal in the relative abundances of major venom proteins across species and if diet (measured as percent mammals and lizards among all prey consumed) covaries with venom composition after phylogenetic divergence is accounted for. We found no evidence for significant phylogenetic signal in venom variation: K values for seven snake venom proteins and two composite venom variables [PC 1 and 2]) were all nonsignificant and lower (mean = 0.11+0.06 sd) than mean K values (>0.35) previously reported for a wide range of morphological, life history, physiological and behavioral traits from other species. Finally, analyses based on Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares (PGLS) methods reveal that variation in abundance of some venom proteins, most strongly CRISP is significantly related to snake diet. Our results demonstrate that venom variation in these snakes is evolutionarily a highly labile trait even among very closely-related taxa and that natural selection acting through diet variation may play a role in molding the relative abundance of specific venom proteins.H Lisle GibbsLibia SanzMichael G SovicJuan J CalvetePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 6, p e67220 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q H Lisle Gibbs Libia Sanz Michael G Sovic Juan J Calvete Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).
description	A long-standing question in evolutionary studies of snake venoms is the extent to which phylogenetic divergence and diet can account for between-species differences in venom composition. Here we apply phylogeny-based comparative methods to address this question. We use data on venom variation generated using proteomic techniques for all members of a small clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.) and two outgroups for which phylogenetic and diet information is available. We first complete the characterization of venom variation for all members of this clade with a "venomic" analysis of pooled venoms from two members of this genus, S. milarius streckeri and S. m. milarius. These venoms exhibit the same general classes of proteins as those found in other Sistrurus species but differ in their relative abundances of specific protein families. We then test whether there is significant phylogenetic signal in the relative abundances of major venom proteins across species and if diet (measured as percent mammals and lizards among all prey consumed) covaries with venom composition after phylogenetic divergence is accounted for. We found no evidence for significant phylogenetic signal in venom variation: K values for seven snake venom proteins and two composite venom variables [PC 1 and 2]) were all nonsignificant and lower (mean = 0.11+0.06 sd) than mean K values (>0.35) previously reported for a wide range of morphological, life history, physiological and behavioral traits from other species. Finally, analyses based on Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares (PGLS) methods reveal that variation in abundance of some venom proteins, most strongly CRISP is significantly related to snake diet. Our results demonstrate that venom variation in these snakes is evolutionarily a highly labile trait even among very closely-related taxa and that natural selection acting through diet variation may play a role in molding the relative abundance of specific venom proteins.
format	article
author	H Lisle Gibbs Libia Sanz Michael G Sovic Juan J Calvete
author_facet	H Lisle Gibbs Libia Sanz Michael G Sovic Juan J Calvete
author_sort	H Lisle Gibbs
title	Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).
title_short	Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).
title_full	Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).
title_fullStr	Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).
title_full_unstemmed	Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).
title_sort	phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (sistrurus sp.).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/d46a755e93db4a74a3ed1486b264d800
work_keys_str_mv	AT hlislegibbs phylogenybasedcomparativeanalysisofvenomproteomevariationinacladeofrattlesnakessistrurussp AT libiasanz phylogenybasedcomparativeanalysisofvenomproteomevariationinacladeofrattlesnakessistrurussp AT michaelgsovic phylogenybasedcomparativeanalysisofvenomproteomevariationinacladeofrattlesnakessistrurussp AT juanjcalvete phylogenybasedcomparativeanalysisofvenomproteomevariationinacladeofrattlesnakessistrurussp
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Phylogeny-based comparative analysis of venom proteome variation in a clade of rattlesnakes (Sistrurus sp.).

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