Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults

ABSTRACT Tongue microbiota are a dominant source of oral microbial populations that are ingested with saliva, and therefore careful attention is required for the maintenance of health of elderly adults, who are susceptible to aspiration of oral contents. This study aimed to investigate the variation...

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Autores principales:	Mikari Asakawa, Toru Takeshita, Michiko Furuta, Shinya Kageyama, Kenji Takeuchi, Jun Hata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yoshihisa Yamashita
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	community-dwelling dental elderly microbiota oral tongue Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d48ccfa462c946ada67832752e359f68
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d48ccfa462c946ada67832752e359f682021-11-15T15:25:50ZTongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults10.1128/mSphere.00332-182379-5042https://doaj.org/article/d48ccfa462c946ada67832752e359f682018-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00332-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Tongue microbiota are a dominant source of oral microbial populations that are ingested with saliva, and therefore careful attention is required for the maintenance of health of elderly adults, who are susceptible to aspiration of oral contents. This study aimed to investigate the variation in tongue microbiota among community-dwelling elderly adults. Following a dental examination, tongue coating was collected from a 15-mm-diameter circular area at the center of the tongue dorsum of 506 elderly adults aged 70 to 80 years inhabiting the town of Hisayama, Japan. The microbial composition and density were determined by a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach using a next-generation sequencer and quantitative PCR analysis, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis identified two cohabiting groups of predominant commensals, one of which was primarily composed of Prevotella histicola, Veillonella atypica, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus parasanguinis; these organisms have been previously associated with an increased risk of mortality due to pneumonia in the frail elderly. This bacterial group was more predominant in the elderly with fewer teeth, a higher plaque index, and more dental caries experience, whereas the total bacterial density was independent of these traits. A higher density of fungi was also observed in the elderly with these traits, as well as in individuals who wore dentures. These results suggest that elderly adults with poorer oral health swallow a more dysbiotic microbiota formed on the tongue. IMPORTANCE Aspiration of oral contents can lead to pneumonia, which is a major cause of death among elderly adults susceptible to swallowing impairments. Tongue microbiota are a dominant source of oral microbial populations that are ingested with saliva. This large-scale population-based study revealed variations in the tongue microbiota among community-dwelling elderly adults. The total bacterial density was independent of the conditions of teeth surrounding the tongue, whereas the microbiota composition, especially the relative abundances of predominant commensals, showed an association with tooth conditions. Our results demonstrate that the elderly with fewer teeth, poorer dental hygiene, and more dental caries experience constantly ingest more dysbiotic microbiota, which could be harmful for their respiratory health.Mikari AsakawaToru TakeshitaMichiko FurutaShinya KageyamaKenji TakeuchiJun HataToshiharu NinomiyaYoshihisa YamashitaAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlecommunity-dwellingdentalelderlymicrobiotaoraltongueMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 3, Iss 4 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	community-dwelling dental elderly microbiota oral tongue Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	community-dwelling dental elderly microbiota oral tongue Microbiology QR1-502 Mikari Asakawa Toru Takeshita Michiko Furuta Shinya Kageyama Kenji Takeuchi Jun Hata Toshiharu Ninomiya Yoshihisa Yamashita Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults
description	ABSTRACT Tongue microbiota are a dominant source of oral microbial populations that are ingested with saliva, and therefore careful attention is required for the maintenance of health of elderly adults, who are susceptible to aspiration of oral contents. This study aimed to investigate the variation in tongue microbiota among community-dwelling elderly adults. Following a dental examination, tongue coating was collected from a 15-mm-diameter circular area at the center of the tongue dorsum of 506 elderly adults aged 70 to 80 years inhabiting the town of Hisayama, Japan. The microbial composition and density were determined by a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach using a next-generation sequencer and quantitative PCR analysis, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis identified two cohabiting groups of predominant commensals, one of which was primarily composed of Prevotella histicola, Veillonella atypica, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus parasanguinis; these organisms have been previously associated with an increased risk of mortality due to pneumonia in the frail elderly. This bacterial group was more predominant in the elderly with fewer teeth, a higher plaque index, and more dental caries experience, whereas the total bacterial density was independent of these traits. A higher density of fungi was also observed in the elderly with these traits, as well as in individuals who wore dentures. These results suggest that elderly adults with poorer oral health swallow a more dysbiotic microbiota formed on the tongue. IMPORTANCE Aspiration of oral contents can lead to pneumonia, which is a major cause of death among elderly adults susceptible to swallowing impairments. Tongue microbiota are a dominant source of oral microbial populations that are ingested with saliva. This large-scale population-based study revealed variations in the tongue microbiota among community-dwelling elderly adults. The total bacterial density was independent of the conditions of teeth surrounding the tongue, whereas the microbiota composition, especially the relative abundances of predominant commensals, showed an association with tooth conditions. Our results demonstrate that the elderly with fewer teeth, poorer dental hygiene, and more dental caries experience constantly ingest more dysbiotic microbiota, which could be harmful for their respiratory health.
format	article
author	Mikari Asakawa Toru Takeshita Michiko Furuta Shinya Kageyama Kenji Takeuchi Jun Hata Toshiharu Ninomiya Yoshihisa Yamashita
author_facet	Mikari Asakawa Toru Takeshita Michiko Furuta Shinya Kageyama Kenji Takeuchi Jun Hata Toshiharu Ninomiya Yoshihisa Yamashita
author_sort	Mikari Asakawa
title	Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults
title_short	Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults
title_full	Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults
title_fullStr	Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults
title_full_unstemmed	Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults
title_sort	tongue microbiota and oral health status in community-dwelling elderly adults
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/d48ccfa462c946ada67832752e359f68
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Tongue Microbiota and Oral Health Status in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults

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