Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza

Abstract Selection for desirable traits and breed-specific phenotypes has left distinctive footprints in the genome of pigs. As representative of a breed with strong selective traces aiming for robustness, health and performance, the Mangalitza pig, a native curly-haired pig breed from Hungary, was...

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Autores principales:	Kathrin Schachler, Ottmar Distl, Julia Metzger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d50825f2087b4b4f92e05c12b7cfc7dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d50825f2087b4b4f92e05c12b7cfc7dc2021-12-02T13:34:00ZTracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza10.1038/s41598-020-79037-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d50825f2087b4b4f92e05c12b7cfc7dc2020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79037-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Selection for desirable traits and breed-specific phenotypes has left distinctive footprints in the genome of pigs. As representative of a breed with strong selective traces aiming for robustness, health and performance, the Mangalitza pig, a native curly-haired pig breed from Hungary, was investigated in this study. Whole genome sequencing and SNP chip genotyping was performed to detect runs of homozygosity (ROH) in Mangalitza and Mangalitza-crossbreeds. We identified breed specific ROH regions harboring genes associated with the development of the curly hair type and further characteristics of this breed. Further analysis of two matings of Mangalitza with straight-coated pig breeds confirmed an autosomal dominant inheritance of curly hair. Subsequent scanning of the genome for variant effects on this trait revealed two variants potentially affecting hair follicle development and differentiation. Validation in a large sample set as well as in imputed SNP data confirmed these variants to be Mangalitza-specific. Herein, we demonstrated how strong artificial selection has shaped the genome in Mangalitza pigs and left traces in the form of selection signatures. This knowledge on genomic variation promoting unique phenotypes like curly hair provides an important resource for futures studies unraveling genetic effects for special characteristics in livestock.Kathrin SchachlerOttmar DistlJulia MetzgerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kathrin Schachler Ottmar Distl Julia Metzger Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza
description	Abstract Selection for desirable traits and breed-specific phenotypes has left distinctive footprints in the genome of pigs. As representative of a breed with strong selective traces aiming for robustness, health and performance, the Mangalitza pig, a native curly-haired pig breed from Hungary, was investigated in this study. Whole genome sequencing and SNP chip genotyping was performed to detect runs of homozygosity (ROH) in Mangalitza and Mangalitza-crossbreeds. We identified breed specific ROH regions harboring genes associated with the development of the curly hair type and further characteristics of this breed. Further analysis of two matings of Mangalitza with straight-coated pig breeds confirmed an autosomal dominant inheritance of curly hair. Subsequent scanning of the genome for variant effects on this trait revealed two variants potentially affecting hair follicle development and differentiation. Validation in a large sample set as well as in imputed SNP data confirmed these variants to be Mangalitza-specific. Herein, we demonstrated how strong artificial selection has shaped the genome in Mangalitza pigs and left traces in the form of selection signatures. This knowledge on genomic variation promoting unique phenotypes like curly hair provides an important resource for futures studies unraveling genetic effects for special characteristics in livestock.
format	article
author	Kathrin Schachler Ottmar Distl Julia Metzger
author_facet	Kathrin Schachler Ottmar Distl Julia Metzger
author_sort	Kathrin Schachler
title	Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza
title_short	Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza
title_full	Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza
title_fullStr	Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza
title_full_unstemmed	Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza
title_sort	tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in mangalitza
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/d50825f2087b4b4f92e05c12b7cfc7dc
work_keys_str_mv	AT kathrinschachler tracingselectionsignaturesinthepiggenomegivesevidenceforselectivepressuresonauniquecurlyhairphenotypeinmangalitza AT ottmardistl tracingselectionsignaturesinthepiggenomegivesevidenceforselectivepressuresonauniquecurlyhairphenotypeinmangalitza AT juliametzger tracingselectionsignaturesinthepiggenomegivesevidenceforselectivepressuresonauniquecurlyhairphenotypeinmangalitza
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Tracing selection signatures in the pig genome gives evidence for selective pressures on a unique curly hair phenotype in Mangalitza

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