Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a member of the Mitis group of streptococci which, according to 16S rRNA-sequence based phylogenetic reconstruction, includes 12 species. While other species of this group are considered prototypes of commensal bacteria, S. pneumoniae is among the most frequent microbial...

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Autores principales:	Mogens Kilian, Knud Poulsen, Trinelise Blomqvist, Leiv S Håvarstein, Malene Bek-Thomsen, Hervé Tettelin, Uffe B S Sørensen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d519beef1f1b4f1386f38895082496d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d519beef1f1b4f1386f38895082496d12021-11-25T06:11:37ZEvolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0002683https://doaj.org/article/d519beef1f1b4f1386f38895082496d12008-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18628950/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Streptococcus pneumoniae is a member of the Mitis group of streptococci which, according to 16S rRNA-sequence based phylogenetic reconstruction, includes 12 species. While other species of this group are considered prototypes of commensal bacteria, S. pneumoniae is among the most frequent microbial killers worldwide. Population genetic analysis of 118 strains, supported by demonstration of a distinct cell wall carbohydrate structure and competence pheromone sequence signature, shows that S. pneumoniae is one of several hundred evolutionary lineages forming a cluster separate from Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus infantis. The remaining lineages of this distinct cluster are commensals previously collectively referred to as Streptococcus mitis and each represent separate species by traditional taxonomic standard. Virulence genes including the operon for capsule polysaccharide synthesis and genes encoding IgA1 protease, pneumolysin, and autolysin were randomly distributed among S. mitis lineages. Estimates of the evolutionary age of the lineages, the identical location of remnants of virulence genes in the genomes of commensal strains, the pattern of genome reductions, and the proportion of unique genes and their origin support the model that the entire cluster of S. pneumoniae, S. pseudopneumoniae, and S. mitis lineages evolved from pneumococcus-like bacteria presumably pathogenic to the common immediate ancestor of hominoids. During their adaptation to a commensal life style, most of the lineages gradually lost the majority of genes determining virulence and became genetically distinct due to sexual isolation in their respective hosts.Mogens KilianKnud PoulsenTrinelise BlomqvistLeiv S HåvarsteinMalene Bek-ThomsenHervé TettelinUffe B S SørensenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 3, Iss 7, p e2683 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mogens Kilian Knud Poulsen Trinelise Blomqvist Leiv S Håvarstein Malene Bek-Thomsen Hervé Tettelin Uffe B S Sørensen Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
description	Streptococcus pneumoniae is a member of the Mitis group of streptococci which, according to 16S rRNA-sequence based phylogenetic reconstruction, includes 12 species. While other species of this group are considered prototypes of commensal bacteria, S. pneumoniae is among the most frequent microbial killers worldwide. Population genetic analysis of 118 strains, supported by demonstration of a distinct cell wall carbohydrate structure and competence pheromone sequence signature, shows that S. pneumoniae is one of several hundred evolutionary lineages forming a cluster separate from Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus infantis. The remaining lineages of this distinct cluster are commensals previously collectively referred to as Streptococcus mitis and each represent separate species by traditional taxonomic standard. Virulence genes including the operon for capsule polysaccharide synthesis and genes encoding IgA1 protease, pneumolysin, and autolysin were randomly distributed among S. mitis lineages. Estimates of the evolutionary age of the lineages, the identical location of remnants of virulence genes in the genomes of commensal strains, the pattern of genome reductions, and the proportion of unique genes and their origin support the model that the entire cluster of S. pneumoniae, S. pseudopneumoniae, and S. mitis lineages evolved from pneumococcus-like bacteria presumably pathogenic to the common immediate ancestor of hominoids. During their adaptation to a commensal life style, most of the lineages gradually lost the majority of genes determining virulence and became genetically distinct due to sexual isolation in their respective hosts.
format	article
author	Mogens Kilian Knud Poulsen Trinelise Blomqvist Leiv S Håvarstein Malene Bek-Thomsen Hervé Tettelin Uffe B S Sørensen
author_facet	Mogens Kilian Knud Poulsen Trinelise Blomqvist Leiv S Håvarstein Malene Bek-Thomsen Hervé Tettelin Uffe B S Sørensen
author_sort	Mogens Kilian
title	Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
title_short	Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
title_full	Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
title_fullStr	Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
title_full_unstemmed	Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
title_sort	evolution of streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/d519beef1f1b4f1386f38895082496d1
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Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives.

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