Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.

Spatial context in images induces perceptual phenomena associated with salience and modulates the responses of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1). However, the computational and ecological principles underlying contextual effects are incompletely understood. We introduce a model of natural images...

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Autores principales:	Ruben Coen-Cagli, Peter Dayan, Odelia Schwartz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d5213c3bbcf04b9a8b14175eba69c92f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5213c3bbcf04b9a8b14175eba69c92f2021-11-18T05:51:32ZCortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1002405https://doaj.org/article/d5213c3bbcf04b9a8b14175eba69c92f2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22396635/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Spatial context in images induces perceptual phenomena associated with salience and modulates the responses of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1). However, the computational and ecological principles underlying contextual effects are incompletely understood. We introduce a model of natural images that includes grouping and segmentation of neighboring features based on their joint statistics, and we interpret the firing rates of V1 neurons as performing optimal recognition in this model. We show that this leads to a substantial generalization of divisive normalization, a computation that is ubiquitous in many neural areas and systems. A main novelty in our model is that the influence of the context on a target stimulus is determined by their degree of statistical dependence. We optimized the parameters of the model on natural image patches, and then simulated neural and perceptual responses on stimuli used in classical experiments. The model reproduces some rich and complex response patterns observed in V1, such as the contrast dependence, orientation tuning and spatial asymmetry of surround suppression, while also allowing for surround facilitation under conditions of weak stimulation. It also mimics the perceptual salience produced by simple displays, and leads to readily testable predictions. Our results provide a principled account of orientation-based contextual modulation in early vision and its sensitivity to the homogeneity and spatial arrangement of inputs, and lends statistical support to the theory that V1 computes visual salience.Ruben Coen-CagliPeter DayanOdelia SchwartzPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e1002405 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ruben Coen-Cagli Peter Dayan Odelia Schwartz Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.
description	Spatial context in images induces perceptual phenomena associated with salience and modulates the responses of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1). However, the computational and ecological principles underlying contextual effects are incompletely understood. We introduce a model of natural images that includes grouping and segmentation of neighboring features based on their joint statistics, and we interpret the firing rates of V1 neurons as performing optimal recognition in this model. We show that this leads to a substantial generalization of divisive normalization, a computation that is ubiquitous in many neural areas and systems. A main novelty in our model is that the influence of the context on a target stimulus is determined by their degree of statistical dependence. We optimized the parameters of the model on natural image patches, and then simulated neural and perceptual responses on stimuli used in classical experiments. The model reproduces some rich and complex response patterns observed in V1, such as the contrast dependence, orientation tuning and spatial asymmetry of surround suppression, while also allowing for surround facilitation under conditions of weak stimulation. It also mimics the perceptual salience produced by simple displays, and leads to readily testable predictions. Our results provide a principled account of orientation-based contextual modulation in early vision and its sensitivity to the homogeneity and spatial arrangement of inputs, and lends statistical support to the theory that V1 computes visual salience.
format	article
author	Ruben Coen-Cagli Peter Dayan Odelia Schwartz
author_facet	Ruben Coen-Cagli Peter Dayan Odelia Schwartz
author_sort	Ruben Coen-Cagli
title	Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.
title_short	Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.
title_full	Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.
title_fullStr	Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.
title_full_unstemmed	Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.
title_sort	cortical surround interactions and perceptual salience via natural scene statistics.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/d5213c3bbcf04b9a8b14175eba69c92f
work_keys_str_mv	AT rubencoencagli corticalsurroundinteractionsandperceptualsaliencevianaturalscenestatistics AT peterdayan corticalsurroundinteractionsandperceptualsaliencevianaturalscenestatistics AT odeliaschwartz corticalsurroundinteractionsandperceptualsaliencevianaturalscenestatistics
_version_	1718424758523002880

Cortical Surround Interactions and Perceptual Salience via Natural Scene Statistics.

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