Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE

Abstract Prolonged use of tight-fitting PPE, e.g., by COVID-19 healthcare workers leads to skin injuries. An important contributor is the shear exerted on the skin due to static friction at the skin-PPE interface. This study aims to develop an optimised wax-oil lubricant that reduces the friction, o...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Kian Kun Yap, Manoj Murali, Zhengchu Tan, Xue Zhou, Luli Li, Marc Arthur Masen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d55977c6f2e34110b2ca1b42b4dc91b6
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:d55977c6f2e34110b2ca1b42b4dc91b6
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d55977c6f2e34110b2ca1b42b4dc91b62021-12-02T15:57:21ZWax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE10.1038/s41598-021-91119-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d55977c6f2e34110b2ca1b42b4dc91b62021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91119-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Prolonged use of tight-fitting PPE, e.g., by COVID-19 healthcare workers leads to skin injuries. An important contributor is the shear exerted on the skin due to static friction at the skin-PPE interface. This study aims to develop an optimised wax-oil lubricant that reduces the friction, or shear, in the skin-PPE contact for up to four hours. Lubricants with different wax-oil combinations were prepared using beeswax, paraffin wax, olive oil, and mineral oil. In-vivo friction measurements involving seven participants were conducted by sliding a polydimethylsiloxane ball against the volar forearms to simulate the skin-PPE interface. The maximum static coefficient of friction was measured immediately and four hours after lubricant application. It was found that the coefficient of friction of wax-oil lubricants is mainly governed by the ratio of wax to oil and the thermal stability and morphology of the wax. To maintain long-term lubricity, it is crucial to consider the absorption of oil into the PPE material. The best performing lubricant is a mixture of 20 wt% beeswax, 40 wt% olive oil, and 40 wt% mineral oil, which compared to unlubricated skin, provides 87% (P = 0.0006) and 59% (P = 0.0015) reduction in instantaneous and 4-h coefficient of friction, respectively.Kian Kun YapManoj MuraliZhengchu TanXue ZhouLuli LiMarc Arthur MasenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kian Kun Yap Manoj Murali Zhengchu Tan Xue Zhou Luli Li Marc Arthur Masen Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE
description	Abstract Prolonged use of tight-fitting PPE, e.g., by COVID-19 healthcare workers leads to skin injuries. An important contributor is the shear exerted on the skin due to static friction at the skin-PPE interface. This study aims to develop an optimised wax-oil lubricant that reduces the friction, or shear, in the skin-PPE contact for up to four hours. Lubricants with different wax-oil combinations were prepared using beeswax, paraffin wax, olive oil, and mineral oil. In-vivo friction measurements involving seven participants were conducted by sliding a polydimethylsiloxane ball against the volar forearms to simulate the skin-PPE interface. The maximum static coefficient of friction was measured immediately and four hours after lubricant application. It was found that the coefficient of friction of wax-oil lubricants is mainly governed by the ratio of wax to oil and the thermal stability and morphology of the wax. To maintain long-term lubricity, it is crucial to consider the absorption of oil into the PPE material. The best performing lubricant is a mixture of 20 wt% beeswax, 40 wt% olive oil, and 40 wt% mineral oil, which compared to unlubricated skin, provides 87% (P = 0.0006) and 59% (P = 0.0015) reduction in instantaneous and 4-h coefficient of friction, respectively.
format	article
author	Kian Kun Yap Manoj Murali Zhengchu Tan Xue Zhou Luli Li Marc Arthur Masen
author_facet	Kian Kun Yap Manoj Murali Zhengchu Tan Xue Zhou Luli Li Marc Arthur Masen
author_sort	Kian Kun Yap
title	Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE
title_short	Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE
title_full	Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE
title_fullStr	Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE
title_full_unstemmed	Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE
title_sort	wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and ppe
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d55977c6f2e34110b2ca1b42b4dc91b6
work_keys_str_mv	AT kiankunyap waxoillubricantstoreducetheshearbetweenskinandppe AT manojmurali waxoillubricantstoreducetheshearbetweenskinandppe AT zhengchutan waxoillubricantstoreducetheshearbetweenskinandppe AT xuezhou waxoillubricantstoreducetheshearbetweenskinandppe AT lulili waxoillubricantstoreducetheshearbetweenskinandppe AT marcarthurmasen waxoillubricantstoreducetheshearbetweenskinandppe
_version_	1718385360430432256

Wax-oil lubricants to reduce the shear between skin and PPE

Ejemplares similares