Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage

Homochiral proteins orchestrate biological functions throughout all domains of life, but the origin of the uniform <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-stereochemistry of amino acids remains unknown. Here, we describe enantioselective adsorption experiments of racem...

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Autores principales:	Adrien D. Garcia, Cornelia Meinert, Friedrich Finger, Uwe J. Meierhenrich, Ewald Hejl
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chirogenesis quartz amino acids radiation damage origin-of-life GC×GC-TOFMS Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d55c8f58774b4296ae5229ce0d934d97
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d55c8f58774b4296ae5229ce0d934d972021-11-25T18:11:19ZRacemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage10.3390/life111112222075-1729https://doaj.org/article/d55c8f58774b4296ae5229ce0d934d972021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/11/1222https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729Homochiral proteins orchestrate biological functions throughout all domains of life, but the origin of the uniform <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-stereochemistry of amino acids remains unknown. Here, we describe enantioselective adsorption experiments of racemic alanine and leucine onto homochiral <i>d</i>- and <i>l</i>-quartz as a possible mechanism for the abiotic emergence of biological homochirality. Substantial racemate resolution with enantiomeric excesses of up to 55% are demonstrated to potentially occur in interstitial pores, along grain boundaries or small fractures in local quartz-bearing environments. Our previous hypothesis on the enhanced enantioselectivity due to uranium-induced fission tracks could not be validated. Such capillary tubes in the near-surface structure of quartz have been proposed to increase the overall chromatographic separation of enantiomers, but no systematic positive correlation of accumulated radiation damage and enantioselective adsorption was observed in this study. In general, the natural <i>l</i>-quartz showed stronger enantioselective adsorption affinities than synthetic <i>d</i>-quartz without any significant trend in amino acid selectivity. Moreover, the <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-enantiomer of both investigated amino acids alanine and leucine was preferably adsorbed regardless of the handedness of the enantiomorphic quartz sand. This lack of mirror symmetry breaking is probably due to the different crystal habitus of the synthetic z-bar of <i>d</i>-quartz and the natural mountain crystals of <i>l</i>-quartz used in our experiments.Adrien D. GarciaCornelia MeinertFriedrich FingerUwe J. MeierhenrichEwald HejlMDPI AGarticlechirogenesisquartzamino acidsradiation damageorigin-of-lifeGC×GC-TOFMSScienceQENLife, Vol 11, Iss 1222, p 1222 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chirogenesis quartz amino acids radiation damage origin-of-life GC×GC-TOFMS Science Q
spellingShingle	chirogenesis quartz amino acids radiation damage origin-of-life GC×GC-TOFMS Science Q Adrien D. Garcia Cornelia Meinert Friedrich Finger Uwe J. Meierhenrich Ewald Hejl Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage
description	Homochiral proteins orchestrate biological functions throughout all domains of life, but the origin of the uniform <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-stereochemistry of amino acids remains unknown. Here, we describe enantioselective adsorption experiments of racemic alanine and leucine onto homochiral <i>d</i>- and <i>l</i>-quartz as a possible mechanism for the abiotic emergence of biological homochirality. Substantial racemate resolution with enantiomeric excesses of up to 55% are demonstrated to potentially occur in interstitial pores, along grain boundaries or small fractures in local quartz-bearing environments. Our previous hypothesis on the enhanced enantioselectivity due to uranium-induced fission tracks could not be validated. Such capillary tubes in the near-surface structure of quartz have been proposed to increase the overall chromatographic separation of enantiomers, but no systematic positive correlation of accumulated radiation damage and enantioselective adsorption was observed in this study. In general, the natural <i>l</i>-quartz showed stronger enantioselective adsorption affinities than synthetic <i>d</i>-quartz without any significant trend in amino acid selectivity. Moreover, the <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-enantiomer of both investigated amino acids alanine and leucine was preferably adsorbed regardless of the handedness of the enantiomorphic quartz sand. This lack of mirror symmetry breaking is probably due to the different crystal habitus of the synthetic z-bar of <i>d</i>-quartz and the natural mountain crystals of <i>l</i>-quartz used in our experiments.
format	article
author	Adrien D. Garcia Cornelia Meinert Friedrich Finger Uwe J. Meierhenrich Ewald Hejl
author_facet	Adrien D. Garcia Cornelia Meinert Friedrich Finger Uwe J. Meierhenrich Ewald Hejl
author_sort	Adrien D. Garcia
title	Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage
title_short	Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage
title_full	Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage
title_fullStr	Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage
title_full_unstemmed	Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage
title_sort	racemate resolution of alanine and leucine on homochiral quartz, and its alteration by strong radiation damage
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d55c8f58774b4296ae5229ce0d934d97
work_keys_str_mv	AT adriendgarcia racemateresolutionofalanineandleucineonhomochiralquartzanditsalterationbystrongradiationdamage AT corneliameinert racemateresolutionofalanineandleucineonhomochiralquartzanditsalterationbystrongradiationdamage AT friedrichfinger racemateresolutionofalanineandleucineonhomochiralquartzanditsalterationbystrongradiationdamage AT uwejmeierhenrich racemateresolutionofalanineandleucineonhomochiralquartzanditsalterationbystrongradiationdamage AT ewaldhejl racemateresolutionofalanineandleucineonhomochiralquartzanditsalterationbystrongradiationdamage
_version_	1718411527018512384

Racemate Resolution of Alanine and Leucine on Homochiral Quartz, and Its Alteration by Strong Radiation Damage

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