Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment

Abstract A significant proportion of the land area of Heilongjiang Province, China, is composed of saline–alkaline soil, which severely inhibits maize growth. Although Trichoderma treatment is widely regarded as a promising strategy for improving the soil environment and promoting plant growth, the...

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Autores principales:	Jian Fu, Yao Xiao, Yu-feng Wang, Zhi-hua Liu, Kejun Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d584d17b51e5439d87f6333afc303d2d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d584d17b51e5439d87f6333afc303d2d2021-12-02T15:49:31ZSaline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment10.1038/s41598-021-90675-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d584d17b51e5439d87f6333afc303d2d2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90675-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A significant proportion of the land area of Heilongjiang Province, China, is composed of saline–alkaline soil, which severely inhibits maize growth. Although Trichoderma treatment is widely regarded as a promising strategy for improving the soil environment and promoting plant growth, the mechanism through which Trichoderma asperellum enhances maize resistance to saline–alkaline stress is not clear. In this study, we explored the effect of T. asperellum application at different concentrations to soil saline–alkaline environment on the seedlings of two maize cultivars, assessing the biochemical parameters related to oxidation resistance. Increasing spore densities of T. asperellum suspension effectively regulated the soil ion balance in the rhizosphere of maize seedlings, reduced the soil pH by 2.15–5.76% and sodium adsorption ratios by 22.70–54.13%, increased soil nutrient content and enzyme activity, and improved the soil environment for seedling growth. Additionally, T. asperellum treatment increased the maize seedling content of osmo-regulating substances and rate of glutathione:oxidised glutathione (43.86–88.25%) and ascorbate:oxidised ascorbate (25.26–222.32%) by affecting the antioxidant enzyme activity in the roots, increasing reactive oxygen species scavenging, and maintaining the osmotic balance and metabolic homeostasis under saline–alkaline stress. T. asperellum also improved the saline–alkaline tolerance of maize seedlings by improving the root growth characteristics. Moreover, results showed that Trichoderma applied at high concentration had the greatest effect. In conclusion, improvement in the saline–alkaline tolerance of maize seedlings by T. asperellum under saline–alkaline soil conditions may be achieved through diverse effects that vary among maize cultivars.Jian FuYao XiaoYu-feng WangZhi-hua LiuKejun YangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jian Fu Yao Xiao Yu-feng Wang Zhi-hua Liu Kejun Yang Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
description	Abstract A significant proportion of the land area of Heilongjiang Province, China, is composed of saline–alkaline soil, which severely inhibits maize growth. Although Trichoderma treatment is widely regarded as a promising strategy for improving the soil environment and promoting plant growth, the mechanism through which Trichoderma asperellum enhances maize resistance to saline–alkaline stress is not clear. In this study, we explored the effect of T. asperellum application at different concentrations to soil saline–alkaline environment on the seedlings of two maize cultivars, assessing the biochemical parameters related to oxidation resistance. Increasing spore densities of T. asperellum suspension effectively regulated the soil ion balance in the rhizosphere of maize seedlings, reduced the soil pH by 2.15–5.76% and sodium adsorption ratios by 22.70–54.13%, increased soil nutrient content and enzyme activity, and improved the soil environment for seedling growth. Additionally, T. asperellum treatment increased the maize seedling content of osmo-regulating substances and rate of glutathione:oxidised glutathione (43.86–88.25%) and ascorbate:oxidised ascorbate (25.26–222.32%) by affecting the antioxidant enzyme activity in the roots, increasing reactive oxygen species scavenging, and maintaining the osmotic balance and metabolic homeostasis under saline–alkaline stress. T. asperellum also improved the saline–alkaline tolerance of maize seedlings by improving the root growth characteristics. Moreover, results showed that Trichoderma applied at high concentration had the greatest effect. In conclusion, improvement in the saline–alkaline tolerance of maize seedlings by T. asperellum under saline–alkaline soil conditions may be achieved through diverse effects that vary among maize cultivars.
format	article
author	Jian Fu Yao Xiao Yu-feng Wang Zhi-hua Liu Kejun Yang
author_facet	Jian Fu Yao Xiao Yu-feng Wang Zhi-hua Liu Kejun Yang
author_sort	Jian Fu
title	Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
title_short	Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
title_full	Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
title_fullStr	Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
title_full_unstemmed	Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
title_sort	saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d584d17b51e5439d87f6333afc303d2d
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Saline–alkaline stress in growing maize seedlings is alleviated by Trichoderma asperellum through regulation of the soil environment

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