Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates is a crucial step toward appropriate treatment of infectious diseases. The clinical isolate Francisella philomiragia 14IUHPL001, recently isolated from a 63-year-old woman with atypical pneumonia, featured decreased susceptibility to...

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Autores principales:	Nathan Mullen, Hugo Raposo, Polyxeni Gudis, Linsey Barker, Romney M. Humphries, Bryan H. Schmitt, Ryan F. Relich, Meghan May
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	BLA Francisella Haemophilus SHV TEM antimicrobial resistance Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d5862d1c06454700bce2c4bcbfd189a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5862d1c06454700bce2c4bcbfd189a72021-11-15T15:22:04ZInduction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates10.1128/mSphere.00266-172379-5042https://doaj.org/article/d5862d1c06454700bce2c4bcbfd189a72017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00266-17https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates is a crucial step toward appropriate treatment of infectious diseases. The clinical isolate Francisella philomiragia 14IUHPL001, recently isolated from a 63-year-old woman with atypical pneumonia, featured decreased susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics when cultivated in 5% CO2. Quantitative β-lactamase assays demonstrated a significant (P < 0.0001) increase in enzymatic activity between bacteria cultivated in 5% CO2 over those incubated in ambient air. The presence of β-lactamase genes blaTEM and blaSHV was detected in the clinical isolate F. philomiragia 14IUHPL001 by PCR, and the genes were positively identified by nucleotide sequencing. Expression of blaTEM and blaSHV was detected by reverse transcription-PCR during growth at 5% CO2 but not during growth in ambient air. A statistically significant alkaline shift was observed following cultivation of F. philomiragia 14IUHPL001 in both ambient air and 5% CO2, allowing desegregation of the previously reported effects of acidic pH from the currently reported effect of 5% CO2 on blaTEM and blaSHV β-lactamases. To ensure that the observed phenomenon was not unique to F. philomiragia, we evaluated a clinical isolate of blaTEM-carrying Haemophilus influenzae and found parallel induction of blaTEM gene expression and β-lactamase activity at 5% CO2 relative to ambient air. IMPORTANCE β-Lactamase induction and concurrent β-lactam resistance in respiratory tract pathogens as a consequence of growth in a physiologically relevant level of CO2 are of clinical significance, particularly given the ubiquity of TEM and SHV β-lactamase genes in diverse bacterial pathogens. This is the first report of β-lactamase induction by 5% CO2.Nathan MullenHugo RaposoPolyxeni GudisLinsey BarkerRomney M. HumphriesBryan H. SchmittRyan F. RelichMeghan MayAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleBLAFrancisellaHaemophilusSHVTEMantimicrobial resistanceMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 2, Iss 4 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	BLA Francisella Haemophilus SHV TEM antimicrobial resistance Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	BLA Francisella Haemophilus SHV TEM antimicrobial resistance Microbiology QR1-502 Nathan Mullen Hugo Raposo Polyxeni Gudis Linsey Barker Romney M. Humphries Bryan H. Schmitt Ryan F. Relich Meghan May Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates
description	ABSTRACT Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates is a crucial step toward appropriate treatment of infectious diseases. The clinical isolate Francisella philomiragia 14IUHPL001, recently isolated from a 63-year-old woman with atypical pneumonia, featured decreased susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics when cultivated in 5% CO2. Quantitative β-lactamase assays demonstrated a significant (P < 0.0001) increase in enzymatic activity between bacteria cultivated in 5% CO2 over those incubated in ambient air. The presence of β-lactamase genes blaTEM and blaSHV was detected in the clinical isolate F. philomiragia 14IUHPL001 by PCR, and the genes were positively identified by nucleotide sequencing. Expression of blaTEM and blaSHV was detected by reverse transcription-PCR during growth at 5% CO2 but not during growth in ambient air. A statistically significant alkaline shift was observed following cultivation of F. philomiragia 14IUHPL001 in both ambient air and 5% CO2, allowing desegregation of the previously reported effects of acidic pH from the currently reported effect of 5% CO2 on blaTEM and blaSHV β-lactamases. To ensure that the observed phenomenon was not unique to F. philomiragia, we evaluated a clinical isolate of blaTEM-carrying Haemophilus influenzae and found parallel induction of blaTEM gene expression and β-lactamase activity at 5% CO2 relative to ambient air. IMPORTANCE β-Lactamase induction and concurrent β-lactam resistance in respiratory tract pathogens as a consequence of growth in a physiologically relevant level of CO2 are of clinical significance, particularly given the ubiquity of TEM and SHV β-lactamase genes in diverse bacterial pathogens. This is the first report of β-lactamase induction by 5% CO2.
format	article
author	Nathan Mullen Hugo Raposo Polyxeni Gudis Linsey Barker Romney M. Humphries Bryan H. Schmitt Ryan F. Relich Meghan May
author_facet	Nathan Mullen Hugo Raposo Polyxeni Gudis Linsey Barker Romney M. Humphries Bryan H. Schmitt Ryan F. Relich Meghan May
author_sort	Nathan Mullen
title	Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates
title_short	Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates
title_full	Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates
title_fullStr	Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates
title_full_unstemmed	Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates
title_sort	induction of β-lactamase activity and decreased β-lactam susceptibility by co<sub>2</sub> in clinical bacterial isolates
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/d5862d1c06454700bce2c4bcbfd189a7
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Induction of β-Lactamase Activity and Decreased β-Lactam Susceptibility by CO<sub>2</sub> in Clinical Bacterial Isolates

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