Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis

Małgorzata Urban-Kowalczyk,1 Dominik Strzelecki,1 Janusz Śmigielski,2 Magdalena Kotlicka–Antczak1 1Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland; 2State Higher Vocational School in Konin, Konin, Poland Background and purpo...

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Autores principales:	Urban-Kowalczyk M, Strzelecki D, Śmigielski J, Kotlicka-Antczak M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	olfaction negative symptoms endogenous opioids psychosis Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d5a823117a2140449d1b79dbb3bffa97
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5a823117a2140449d1b79dbb3bffa972021-12-02T00:47:33ZOdor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/d5a823117a2140449d1b79dbb3bffa972019-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/odor-perception-and-hedonics-in-chronic-schizophrenia-and-in-first-epi-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Małgorzata Urban-Kowalczyk,1 Dominik Strzelecki,1 Janusz Śmigielski,2 Magdalena Kotlicka–Antczak1 1Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland; 2State Higher Vocational School in Konin, Konin, Poland Background and purpose: The study evaluated olfactory performance and pleasantness rating of odors in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic schizophrenia (SCH) with regard to the severity of psychopathological symptoms and plasma β-endorphin concentration.Patients and methods: Twenty patients with FEP, 27 with SCH and 29 healthy individuals, were recruited to the research . The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), subjective odor hedonic judgment and plasma levels of β-endorphin (BE) assay were performed in all participants. Results: Individuals with SCH revealed higher BE concentration than other study groups (P=0.000). All patients identified pleasant odors poorer than controls, however, SCH made more identification errors (P=0.000) than those with FEP. Moreover, participants with FEP rated pleasant odors as more pleasant than individuals with chronic schizophrenia and healthy controls (P=0.009). Nevertheless, higher β-endorphin level was related with lower scores in pleasant odor identification (Rs=–0.452; P=0.046) and more severe psychotic symptoms in FEP sample. Chronic schizophrenia patients did not demonstrate any relationship between symptom severity, odor identification performance and β-endorphin concentration. No relationship was found between BE concentration and hedonic judgment of the presented odors among all study groups. Chronically ill subjects identified odors significantly more poorly than those with first episode psychosis. Deficits in identifying pleasant odors might not be the only potential risk factor for undergoing chronic, recurrent schizophrenia. All patients subjectively overrated pleasant odors. Those with SCH and more severe negative symptoms made significantly more identification errors. Conclusion: The endogenous morphine system deregulation is observed in first episode psychosis as well as in chronic schizophrenia. In first episode schizophrenia higher beta-endorphin concentration is related to pleasant odor identification deficit. Keywords: olfaction, negative symptoms, endogenous opioids, schizophreniaUrban-Kowalczyk MStrzelecki DŚmigielski JKotlicka-Antczak MDove Medical Pressarticleolfactionnegative symptomsendogenous opioidspsychosisNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 15, Pp 647-654 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	olfaction negative symptoms endogenous opioids psychosis Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	olfaction negative symptoms endogenous opioids psychosis Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Urban-Kowalczyk M Strzelecki D Śmigielski J Kotlicka-Antczak M Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
description	Małgorzata Urban-Kowalczyk,1 Dominik Strzelecki,1 Janusz Śmigielski,2 Magdalena Kotlicka–Antczak1 1Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland; 2State Higher Vocational School in Konin, Konin, Poland Background and purpose: The study evaluated olfactory performance and pleasantness rating of odors in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic schizophrenia (SCH) with regard to the severity of psychopathological symptoms and plasma β-endorphin concentration.Patients and methods: Twenty patients with FEP, 27 with SCH and 29 healthy individuals, were recruited to the research . The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), subjective odor hedonic judgment and plasma levels of β-endorphin (BE) assay were performed in all participants. Results: Individuals with SCH revealed higher BE concentration than other study groups (P=0.000). All patients identified pleasant odors poorer than controls, however, SCH made more identification errors (P=0.000) than those with FEP. Moreover, participants with FEP rated pleasant odors as more pleasant than individuals with chronic schizophrenia and healthy controls (P=0.009). Nevertheless, higher β-endorphin level was related with lower scores in pleasant odor identification (Rs=–0.452; P=0.046) and more severe psychotic symptoms in FEP sample. Chronic schizophrenia patients did not demonstrate any relationship between symptom severity, odor identification performance and β-endorphin concentration. No relationship was found between BE concentration and hedonic judgment of the presented odors among all study groups. Chronically ill subjects identified odors significantly more poorly than those with first episode psychosis. Deficits in identifying pleasant odors might not be the only potential risk factor for undergoing chronic, recurrent schizophrenia. All patients subjectively overrated pleasant odors. Those with SCH and more severe negative symptoms made significantly more identification errors. Conclusion: The endogenous morphine system deregulation is observed in first episode psychosis as well as in chronic schizophrenia. In first episode schizophrenia higher beta-endorphin concentration is related to pleasant odor identification deficit. Keywords: olfaction, negative symptoms, endogenous opioids, schizophrenia
format	article
author	Urban-Kowalczyk M Strzelecki D Śmigielski J Kotlicka-Antczak M
author_facet	Urban-Kowalczyk M Strzelecki D Śmigielski J Kotlicka-Antczak M
author_sort	Urban-Kowalczyk M
title	Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
title_short	Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
title_full	Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
title_fullStr	Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
title_full_unstemmed	Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
title_sort	odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/d5a823117a2140449d1b79dbb3bffa97
work_keys_str_mv	AT urbankowalczykm odorperceptionandhedonicsinchronicschizophreniaandinfirstepisodepsychosis AT strzeleckid odorperceptionandhedonicsinchronicschizophreniaandinfirstepisodepsychosis AT smigielskij odorperceptionandhedonicsinchronicschizophreniaandinfirstepisodepsychosis AT kotlickaantczakm odorperceptionandhedonicsinchronicschizophreniaandinfirstepisodepsychosis
_version_	1718403527498268672

Odor perception and hedonics in chronic schizophrenia and in first episode psychosis

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