Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a term used to define a compilation of signs and symptoms arising from decreased estrogenic stimulation of the vulvovaginal and lower urinary tract. Among 27–84% of women in postmenopausal are affected for symptoms of GSM, and these can unquestionably imp...

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Autores principales:	Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento, Ana Paula Ferreira Costa, Pedro Vieira-Baptista, Paulo César Giraldo, José Eleutério, Ana Katherine Gonçalves
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	menopause genitourinary syndrome of menopause vulvovaginal atrophy epidemiology diagnosis Reproduction QH471-489 Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d5b23ec34825483f9bb16c9eaf719883
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:d5b23ec34825483f9bb16c9eaf719883
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5b23ec34825483f9bb16c9eaf7198832021-11-15T05:38:28ZGenitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic2673-315310.3389/frph.2021.779398https://doaj.org/article/d5b23ec34825483f9bb16c9eaf7198832021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2021.779398/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-3153Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a term used to define a compilation of signs and symptoms arising from decreased estrogenic stimulation of the vulvovaginal and lower urinary tract. Among 27–84% of women in postmenopausal are affected for symptoms of GSM, and these can unquestionably impair health, sexual function, consequently the quality of life of these women. The main signs and symptoms of GSM include, among others, burning, irritation, vulvovaginal dryness, dyspareunia, urinary symptoms of urgency, dysuria, or recurrent urinary tract infection. The diagnosis can be made through anamnesis, questionnaires, physical exams, and, sometimes, complementary exams. Objective vaginal assessment is essential and can be complemented by using the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), Vaginal Maturation Index (VMI), or vaginal pH measurement. The acknowledgment of this condition by health professionals is crucial for its identification and proper management and exclusion of other conditions that make a differential diagnosis with it.Ayane Cristine Alves SarmentoAna Paula Ferreira CostaPedro Vieira-BaptistaPedro Vieira-BaptistaPaulo César GiraldoJosé EleutérioAna Katherine GonçalvesAna Katherine GonçalvesFrontiers Media S.A.articlemenopausegenitourinary syndrome of menopausevulvovaginal atrophyepidemiologydiagnosisReproductionQH471-489Medicine (General)R5-920ENFrontiers in Reproductive Health, Vol 3 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	menopause genitourinary syndrome of menopause vulvovaginal atrophy epidemiology diagnosis Reproduction QH471-489 Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	menopause genitourinary syndrome of menopause vulvovaginal atrophy epidemiology diagnosis Reproduction QH471-489 Medicine (General) R5-920 Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento Ana Paula Ferreira Costa Pedro Vieira-Baptista Pedro Vieira-Baptista Paulo César Giraldo José Eleutério Ana Katherine Gonçalves Ana Katherine Gonçalves Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic
description	Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a term used to define a compilation of signs and symptoms arising from decreased estrogenic stimulation of the vulvovaginal and lower urinary tract. Among 27–84% of women in postmenopausal are affected for symptoms of GSM, and these can unquestionably impair health, sexual function, consequently the quality of life of these women. The main signs and symptoms of GSM include, among others, burning, irritation, vulvovaginal dryness, dyspareunia, urinary symptoms of urgency, dysuria, or recurrent urinary tract infection. The diagnosis can be made through anamnesis, questionnaires, physical exams, and, sometimes, complementary exams. Objective vaginal assessment is essential and can be complemented by using the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), Vaginal Maturation Index (VMI), or vaginal pH measurement. The acknowledgment of this condition by health professionals is crucial for its identification and proper management and exclusion of other conditions that make a differential diagnosis with it.
format	article
author	Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento Ana Paula Ferreira Costa Pedro Vieira-Baptista Pedro Vieira-Baptista Paulo César Giraldo José Eleutério Ana Katherine Gonçalves Ana Katherine Gonçalves
author_facet	Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento Ana Paula Ferreira Costa Pedro Vieira-Baptista Pedro Vieira-Baptista Paulo César Giraldo José Eleutério Ana Katherine Gonçalves Ana Katherine Gonçalves
author_sort	Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento
title	Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic
title_short	Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic
title_full	Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic
title_fullStr	Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic
title_full_unstemmed	Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic
title_sort	genitourinary syndrome of menopause: epidemiology, physiopathology, clinical manifestation and diagnostic
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d5b23ec34825483f9bb16c9eaf719883
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Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Epidemiology, Physiopathology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnostic

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