Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune dermatosis of which the pathogenesis remains scarcely known. A wide variety of clinical studies have been proposed to investigate the immune mediators which have shown the most recurrency. However, such trials have produced controversial results. The aim of this revi...

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Autores principales:	Paolo Custurone, Luca Di Bartolomeo, Natasha Irrera, Francesco Borgia, Domenica Altavilla, Alessandra Bitto, Giovanni Pallio, Francesco Squadrito, Mario Vaccaro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	vitiligo interleukins biologics biological drugs oxidative stress autoimmune diseases Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d5e815679d1b437d9195910555b5dbb6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5e815679d1b437d9195910555b5dbb62021-11-11T16:53:55ZRole of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments10.3390/ijms2221114291422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/d5e815679d1b437d9195910555b5dbb62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11429https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune dermatosis of which the pathogenesis remains scarcely known. A wide variety of clinical studies have been proposed to investigate the immune mediators which have shown the most recurrency. However, such trials have produced controversial results. The aim of this review is to summarize the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, the latest findings regarding the cytokines involved and to evaluate the treatments based on the use of biological drugs in order to stop disease progression and achieve repigmentation. According to the results, the most recurrent studies dealt with inhibitors of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. It is possible that, given the great deal of cytokines involved in the lesion formation process of vitiligo, other biologics could be developed in the future to be used as adjuvants and/or to entirely replace the treatments that have proven to be unsatisfactory so far.Paolo CusturoneLuca Di BartolomeoNatasha IrreraFrancesco BorgiaDomenica AltavillaAlessandra BittoGiovanni PallioFrancesco SquadritoMario VaccaroMDPI AGarticlevitiligointerleukinsbiologicsbiological drugsoxidative stressautoimmune diseasesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11429, p 11429 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	vitiligo interleukins biologics biological drugs oxidative stress autoimmune diseases Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	vitiligo interleukins biologics biological drugs oxidative stress autoimmune diseases Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Paolo Custurone Luca Di Bartolomeo Natasha Irrera Francesco Borgia Domenica Altavilla Alessandra Bitto Giovanni Pallio Francesco Squadrito Mario Vaccaro Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments
description	Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune dermatosis of which the pathogenesis remains scarcely known. A wide variety of clinical studies have been proposed to investigate the immune mediators which have shown the most recurrency. However, such trials have produced controversial results. The aim of this review is to summarize the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, the latest findings regarding the cytokines involved and to evaluate the treatments based on the use of biological drugs in order to stop disease progression and achieve repigmentation. According to the results, the most recurrent studies dealt with inhibitors of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. It is possible that, given the great deal of cytokines involved in the lesion formation process of vitiligo, other biologics could be developed in the future to be used as adjuvants and/or to entirely replace the treatments that have proven to be unsatisfactory so far.
format	article
author	Paolo Custurone Luca Di Bartolomeo Natasha Irrera Francesco Borgia Domenica Altavilla Alessandra Bitto Giovanni Pallio Francesco Squadrito Mario Vaccaro
author_facet	Paolo Custurone Luca Di Bartolomeo Natasha Irrera Francesco Borgia Domenica Altavilla Alessandra Bitto Giovanni Pallio Francesco Squadrito Mario Vaccaro
author_sort	Paolo Custurone
title	Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments
title_short	Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments
title_full	Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments
title_fullStr	Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments
title_sort	role of cytokines in vitiligo: pathogenesis and possible targets for old and new treatments
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d5e815679d1b437d9195910555b5dbb6
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Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments

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